Table of Content

28 August 2007, Volume 24 Issue 04

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Article

Changes of Splenic T Lymphocytes Subgroups in Mice Grafted with Allogeneic and Heterogenic Peripheral Nerve

JIN Ting,LIN Xing-shi,YANG Ruo-jia,LI Wei

2007, 24(04):  1-4. 

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Objective To observe the changes of splenic total T lymphocytes and T lymphocyte subgroups during immunologic rejection after allogeneic and heterogenic peripheral nerve grafting so as to delve further into the possibility of the repair of nerve defection.Methods BALB/c mice were divided into sham-operation group,fresh autograft group,fresh allogeneic nerve graft group,fresh heterogenic nerve graft group,chemical de-cell allogeneic nerve graft group and chemical de-cell heterogenic nerve graft group.The different treated nerve grafts were put into the thigh muscle pocket of the mice.The mice were sacrificed respectively on the third,seventh,fourteenth,twenty-eighth postoperative day,and the spleens were sampled.The T lymphocyte counting was carried out and CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,and CD25+cells were measured with the flow cytometer.Results The differences in percentages of CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,and CD25+cells between chemical de-cell allogeneic nerve graft group,chemical de-cell heterogenic nerve graft group and sham-operation group,fresh autograft group on the seventh,fourteenth,twenty-eighth postoperative day were not significant statistically(P>0.05).The percentages of CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,and CD25+cells in fresh allogeneic nerve graft group and fresh heterogenic nerve graft group were much higher than in sham-operation group and fresh autograft group,and the differences were significant statistically(P<0.05).Conclusion The immunogenicities of chemical de-cell allogeneic peripheral nerve and chemical de-cell heterogenic peripheral nerve are very similar to that of self-peripheral nerve,and are much lower than those of fresh allogeneic peripheral nerve and fresh heterogenic peripheral nerve.

An Experimental Study on Age-related Morphological Changes of Cochlear Hair Cells of C57BL/6J Mice

HUANG Zheng-tuan1,XUAN Wei-jun2,ZHOU Zhong-zhao3

2007, 24(04):  5-7. 

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Objective To observe age-related morphological changes of cochlear hair cells of C57BL/6J mice.Methods Twenty four C57BL/6J mice were used in this series,and were sacrificed respectively at 2 months,4 months,and 7 months old.The cochleae were sampled and made into sections.The morphological changes were observed by microscopy with HE staining.Results The injury of cochlear hair cells was not found in the mice of age of 2 months,the injury of cochlear hair cells was revealed in the mice of age of 4 months,and the injury was aggravated in the mice of age of 7 months.The injury occurred first at basal gyrus,and gradually extended to apical gyrus.The injury of outer hair cells was more severe than inner hair cells in same region.Conclusion The age-related injury of cochlear hair cells in C57BL/6J mice meets the regular pattern of presbycusis.So C57BL/6J mice may be used as an ideal animal model of presbycusis.

Changes in Ca and Mg Levels in Brain Tissue and Encephaledema after Acute Craniocerebral Injury in Rats

LI Pei-jian~1,LU Jin-fa~2,HUANG He-ling~2,CAO Xue-bin~2,GU Cai-zhe~2

2007, 24(04):  8-11. 

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Objective To investigate changes in Ca(calcium) and Mg(magnesium) levels in brain and encephaledema after acute craniocerebral injury in the rats so as to provide the scientific basis for the clinical treatment.Methods The brain injury was developed by free falling body in 40 rats,and the rats were sacrificed by excess anaesthesia and the brain tissues were sampled respectively 12,24,48 hours after the brain injury.The pathological changes of the brain tissues were observed by macroscopy,microscopy,and electronic microscopy and Ca and Mg levels in brain were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.Results Ca level in brain tissues was significantly increased 24,48 hours after the brain injury as compared with the control group(P<0.05) and the elevation of Ca level at 24 hours after brain injury was the most notable,and Mg level was not significantly changeable.The brain edema extended to deep layer of white matter,obvious edema around the vessel,formation of platelet microthrombus in the micrangium,proliferation of the vascular endotheliocyte,and the luminal compression were revealed by microscopy and electronic microscopy.Conclusion The microcirculatory disturbance resulted from the cerebrovascular hemangiectasis and congestion was pathological basis of traumatic brain edema.Thus,the great attention should be paid to improving brain microcirculation in the treatment of head injury.

Effect of Magnesium on the Antioxidant System of Rats

SUN Ai-ping,LIU Yuan,AN Xing-lan,WANG Zhi-hong,ZHAO Shuang,FU Qiang

2007, 24(04):  12-15. 

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Objective The present study was to examine the importance of magnesium on the rat antioxidant status.Methods Male Wistar rats were fed with diet containing 0.07%,0.27% and 0.47% of magnesium,respectively.The magnesium serum level and biochemical function analysis were performed after the animals were sacrificed.Results Adding of 0.2% or 0.4% magnesium in diet significantly enhanced activities of antioxidase(P<0.05),and significantly decreased MDA level(P<0.05).There was a significantly difference in the activities of antioxidase between organic magnesium and inorganic magnesium(P<0.05).Conclusion Magnesium-supplemented animals show an decreased susceptibility to an in vivo oxidative stress.

Effect of Dietary Calcium,Phosphorus and Calcium∶Phosphorus Ratio on The Contents of The Microelements in Rats' Hepatic Tissue

AN Xing-lan,FU Qiang,ZHAO Shuang,WANG Zhi-hong,LIU Yuan~*

2007, 24(04):  16-18. 

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Objective To observe the effect of dietary calcium,phosphorus and calcium∶phosphorus ratio on the contents of the microelements in rats' hepatic tissue.Methods 70 male Wistar rats aged 30 d were divided into 7 groups randomly according to their body weigh,10 for each group was considered as one batch for test.Rats in 7 groups were raised on diets with different dietary calcium and phosphorus in 42 d.Results In the same dietary phosphorus which had different calcium∶phosphorus ratio,the contents of Cu and Mn in hepatic tissue had no significant deviation(P>0.05),the content of Fe significantly decreased with the elevating of dietary calcium(P<0.05),and the contents of Zn and Mg had significant deviation between the groups of low calcium and high calcium(P<0.05).In the same dietary phosphorus which had different calcium∶phosphorus ratio,the content of Cu in the group of low dietary phosphorus was significant higher than the other groups(P<0.05),and the contents of Fe and Mn had significant deviation(P<0.05).In the same dietary calcium∶phosphorus ratio,the contents of Fe,Mn and Mg in the group of high dietary calcium and phosphorus was significant lower than the other groups(P<0.05).Conclusion In rats' hepatic tissue,dietary caclcium had effect on the contents of Fe,Zn and Mg,but had no effect on the contents of Cu and Mn;dietary phosphorus had effect on the contents of Cu,Fe and Mn,but had no effect on the contents of Zn and Mg.

Anatomical and Histological Studies on Extracranial Facial Nerve of Rat

NIU Yu~1,HU Min~1,TIAN Shu-qin~2

2007, 24(04):  19-20. 

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Objective To investigate the conformation,course,and branches of the rat's facial nerve so as to provide the basic data for the experimental researches.Methods The facial nerve and its branches were exposed by dissecting and the length and outside diameter of the various branches were measured,and their conformations were observed by microscopy after modified trichrome staining.Results The facial nerve trunk of rat came out of stylomastoid foramen,and then went forward along the masseteric surface and was divided into temporal branch,zygomatic branch,buccal branch,marginal mandibular branch,and cervical branch.These branches ended to the corresponding facial muscles.The length of temporal branch,zygomatic branch,buccal branch,marginal mandibular branch,and cervical branch was 10.59 mm±0.34 mm,15.48 mm±1.86 mm,26.18 mm±1.37 mm,26.31 mm±1.32 mm,and 17.54 mm±0.75 mm respectively,and their outside diameter of the middle point was 0.56 mm±0.12 mm,0.70 mm±0.08 mm,1.01 mm±0.28 mm,0.91 mm±0.20 mm,and 0.64 mm±0.15mm respectively.In light microscope,they were characterized by green and intact endoneurium,two or three bundles,regular order of nerve fibers,small axons located in the center of the fibers,red Schwann's sheath,and hyacinthine Schwann's nucleus.Conclusion The buccal branch and marginal mandibular branch of the rat's facial nerve are suitable for the experiment developing the model of nerve injury and regeneration.

Comparison of Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test and Related Biochemical Parameters in Three Different Minipig Strains

LIU Ya-qian,LI Chun-hai,CHEN Hua

2007, 24(04):  21-23. 

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Objective To compare the intravenous glucose tolerance test(IVGTT),serum glucose,serum insulin and plasma HbA1c in three different minipig strains.Methods Four month old Guangxi Bama minipigs and Guizhou minipigs,and five month old Wuzhi Shan minipigs were conducted with intravenous glucose tolerance test,and their serum glucose was detected by routine biochemical methods,serum insulin was detected by chemiluminescence,and HbAlc was detected by radioimmunoassay(RIA).All animals were kept under the same conditions during the test.Results In IVGTT test,serum glucose reached peak concentrations after 10 minutes of the glucose injection,and it fall to base level at 60 and 90 minutes in Guizhou minipigs and Bama minipigs respectively.Serum glucose in Wuzhi Shan minipigs fall to the base level at 120 minutes,which was higher than that of Guangxi BaMa minipigs and Guizhou minipigs at the time points during 30 minutes to 90 minutes(P<0.05).Among the three strains the value of HbAlc were higher in Guizhou minipigs(P>0.05),and lower in Wuzhi Shan minipigs (P<0.01).There were no significant differences of blood glucose concentration and insulin sensitivity among the three strains(P>0.05).Conclusion The serum glucose and related parameters were similar among three minipig strains.And the expression were similar too in IVGTT with a little difference in Wuzhi Shan minipigs.

Measuring of Major Organs and the Correlation in Guizhou Miniature Pigs

QIAN Ning,WU Shu-guang,GUO Ke-nan,WU Quan-sheng,ZHAO Ju-hua,DONG Xiao-jun

2007, 24(04):  24-26. 

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Objective To measure the body weight,weight of major organs,and organ coefficient,in new-born and one-month old Guizhou miniature pigs and analyse the correlation.Methods 20 new-born Guizhou miniature pigs with equal of the sexes and 20 Guizhou miniature pigs of age of one month,with equal of the sexes were used in this series.The body weight,weight of major organs,and organ coefficient of new-born and one-month old Guizhou miniature pigs were measured and compared,then the growth rate of organ coefficient was worked out.Results The body weight and weight of major organs were increased with age.Some organs coefficient were increased with age,and some organs coefficient were decreased with age.Conclusion These results filled in the gaps in the some physiological indexes of Guizhou miniature pig,and provided basic data for relative researches.

Effect of Water Extract of Herba Cistanchis on NO Level in Ectogenesis Embryo of Pig

YANG ZHi-rong~

2007, 24(04):  27-29. 

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Objective To investigate the effect of Water Extract of Herba Cistanchis on NO(nitric oxide) level in ectogenesis embryo of pig so as to delve into the pharmacological mechanism governing promoter action of Herba Cistanchis on embryonic development.Methods The porcine oocytes were randomly divided into the normal control group and the test group.Water extract of Herba Cistanchis was added to the basic medium of embryo culture in the test.No level in the embryo was determined by Griess method.Results No level in the embryo from the test group was significantly lower than that from the normal control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Herba cistanchis is able to decrease NO level in the embryo,which may be one of mechanism governing its promoter action on embryonic development.

A Survey of Infection of Shigella and The Sensitivity to Antibiotics among Rhesus Monkeys of Sale-Waiting Colony and Recently Introduced Colony

SUI Li-hua,FAN Wei,YANG Jing,HONG Bao-qing,LIU Yong-mei

2007, 24(04):  30-32. 

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Objective To know the real situation of Shigella infection and the sensitivity to antibiotics among rhesus monkeys of sale-waiting colony and recently introduced colony in a monkeys feeding farm.Methods The monkey feces were cultured,the bacteria were isolated and identified,and the antibiotic sensitive tests were carried out in the light of the method for Shigella strains.Results The main infective strain of Shigella was B-substrain in the two colonies.In the sale-waiting colony,the rate of D-substrain infection was also higher,however,D-substrain infection was not found in the recently introduced colony.The rate of C-substrain infection was higher in the recently introduced colony.In the sale-waiting colony,the sensitivities of the bacteria to cefotaxime and cefazolin were higher;however,most of the strains were showed to be drug-resistant.In the recently introduced colony,the sensitivities of the bacteria to ceftriazone,cefotaxime,furazolidone,and cefoperazone were higher and the sensitive rate in the recently introduced colony was higher than in the sale-waiting colony.Conclusion The results are able to come up with useful information for breeding of rhesus monkeys,and prevention and treatment of shigellosis.

A Survey on Infection Rate of BV in Rhesus Monkeys by Serologic Antibody

LIU Xiang-mei,ZHANG Yu,LIU Zhong-hua,ZHAO Wei-bo,MIN Fan-gui,Wu Yu-e,PAN Jin-chun,HUANG Ren

2007, 24(04):  33-34. 

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Objective To know the real situation of BV infection in rhesus monkeys so as to decrease effectively the infection rate.Methods The serums from 629 rhesus monkeys were tested by BV ELISA kit.Results 350 serums were serologically positive for BV antibody,10 serums were serologically doubtful for BV antibody,and the others were all serologically negative for BV antibody.Conclusion BV infection rate was 89% in the monkeys of the age of 11 years and over the age of 11 years,the rate was 39.2% in the monkeys of the age of 3～10 years,and the rate was 7.6% in the monkeys less than the age of 2 years.The infection rate was increased with age.

A Method of Screening the Rabbits Suited to Diuretic Pharmacological Experiment on Chinese Medicinal Herbs

YAO Dong-yun,WANG Lei,MA Hong-mei,ZHANG Bo-li,GUO Zhen-hua,LIU Yong-qin

2007, 24(04):  66-69. 

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Objective To delve into the method of screening the rabbits suited to diuretic pharmacological experiment on Chinese medicinal herbs and determine the key factors.Methods The rabbits were placed in the metabolic cages ad lib food and drink and 100 mL distilled water was orally administered to every rabbit 4 hours after taking food once every day so as to adjust urine osmotic pressure.24-hour water-intake was measured once every day.24-hour urine was collected and 24-hour urine volume was measured.The osmotic pressure,Na concentration,and K concentration of 24-hour urine were determined.Results The osmotic pressure of 24-hour urine was negatively correlated with 24-hour water-intake and 24-hour urine volume,and was positively correlated with Na concentration and K concentration of 24-hour urine.The osmotic pressure of 24-hour urine was 200～800 mOsm/L,and the relative 24-hour water-intake,24-hour urine volume,Na concentration,and K concentration of 24-hour urine were within the physiological range.Conclusion The osmotic pressure of 24-hour urine is key factor of the screening method.24-hour urine volume,Na concentration,and K concentration of 24-hour urine can be stabilized within the physiological range by adjusting urine osmotic pressure,which enables the animal to micturate homogeneously.

Development of Drug-Dependent Constipation in Rats

WU Quan-sheng,WU Shu-guang,ZHAO Ju-hua,GUO Ke-nan,DONG Xiao-jun,QIAN Ning

2007, 24(04):  70-72. 

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Objective To develop the model of drug-dependent constipation in rats.Methods The constipation was induced in the rats by ad lib food and limited water-intake.Then the rats with constipation were treated by oral administration of phenothalin solution and rhubarb soak at the initial dose of 20 mg/100 g/d.The dose was increased daily by 20 mg/100 g,with the final dose of 420 mg/100 g/d and 320 mg/100 g/d,respectively.The drugs were continuously given at the final dose for three months to induce drug-dependent constipation.The intestinal transit functions of the rats,such as small intestine advance rate,stools quantity and dry weight,time of first having stools,phenol red content in stools,and number of red small plastic ball in stools,were observed in both normal and model groups.Results As compared with the rats of the normal group,the small intestine advance rate was slow,the time of first having stools was laggard,and stool quantity and phenol red content in stools were decreased in the rats of the model group.Conclusion The model of drug-dependent constipation was successfully developed in the rat, which was simple,economical,and reproducible.

Development of Cerebral Vasospasm Model in Rabbits

LIU Xiao-fen,LI Wang-an,ZHONG Xu-guang,CHEN Wei-qiang,HUANG Xiang-ying

2007, 24(04):  73-75. 

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Objective To develop cerebral vasospasm model in rabbits by twice intracisternal injection of the artery blood.Methods Thirty rabbits were randomly divided into the artery blood-injecting group,the normal saline-injecting group,and the normal control group.The artery blood and normal saline were respectively injected into the cisternae of the rabbits in the artery blood-injecting group and the normal.saline-injecting group.The injection was carried out for two times with an interval of 48 hours between two injections.On the fifth postoperative day,the morphological change of the basilar artery were observed by electron microscopy with HE staining.Results The morphological observation revealed the pathological changes of cerebral vasospasm in the artery blood-injecting group.Conclusion The cerebral vasospasm model can be successfully developed in the rabbits by modified intracisternal injection of the artery blood,which is simple,economical,and reproducible.