Objective　To reveal the characteristics of spontaneous renal calcification during the development of naked mole rats, and to provide a valuable animal model for the study of renal calcification and prevention strategies for chronic kidney disease.Methods　Urine and serum were collected from Newborn, 12-month-old, and 120-month-old naked mole-rats for routine urinary and renal function tests; renal pathology was observed using HE staining, alizarin red staining, Von Kossa staining, and vWF staining; and metabolomics analysis was performed on kidney tissues of 12-month-old naked mole rats.Results　There were no significant differences in kidney function between 120-month old and 12-month-old NMRs. The vascular morphology was normal in NMRs with different ages and the calcification. Lipids and lipid-like substances, organic acids and their derivatives, undefined substances, organic heterocyclic compounds, and organic oxygen compounds accounted for 82.668% of the total metabolites in the kidneys of adult NMRs. Conclusion　By systematically exploring the functional characteristics of the kidneys of NMRs, especially the phenomenon of kidney calcification in NMRs as they age, it is revealed that spontaneous renal calcification of NMRs maintains a normal relationship with their kidney function.

Objective　The study employs microbial diversity composition profiling and metagenomic sequencing to investigate the compositional characteristics and functional analysis of respiratory and intestinal microbiota in sheep from Jilin Province, China, thereby providing foundational data for the establishment of experimental sheep models.Methods　Microbiota diversity composition profiles and metagenomic sequencing were performed on respiratory and intestinal samples from 200 sheep.Results The study revealed the composition of the respiratory and intestinal microbiota of sheep, as well as their respective characteristics in terms of microbiota structure and functional potential.Conclusion　The findings provide insights into the respiratory and intestinal microbiota of sheep and their functions, offering a solid theoretical foundation for establishing detection standards for experimental sheep.

Objective　To establish a duplex real-time fluorescent RT-qPCR assay that can simultaneously detect mouse norovirus and rotavirus, and validate its method ology.Methods　By comparing the genome sequences of MNV and MRV published by NCBI, conservative sequences of MNV VP1 gene and MRV NSP5 gene were selected to design primer probes. By optimizing the concentration of primers and probes, a Taqman real-time fluorescence RT-qPCR assay was established to simultaneously detect mouse norovirus and rotavirus in one reaction. To verify the quantitative range and minimum detection limit of the double and single method using RNA standards of MNV and MRV; the RNA standards for MNV and MRV were diluted at 101-105 copies/μL each, and equal volume mixed together to form a concentration matrix to verify whether different concentrations of MNV and MRV interfere with quantitative result. To verify the reproducibility of the assay by detecting RNA standards of 101,103,105copies/μL inter and intra batch. To apply the assay by testing 544 mouse fecal samples. At the same time, 89 identical mouse fecal samples were tested using conventional RT-PCR, and the differences between the two method were compared.Results　The established duplex RT-qPCR assay can achieve effective quantification of MNV and MRV in the range of 101-108copies/μL. All parameters of the standard curve were within the normal range: R2 value is 0.999, slope (MNV-3.332, MRV-3.250), amplification efficiency (MNV 99.6%, MRV 103.1%). The standard curve of the simplex assay was similar to that of the duplex assay, and the differences in parameter values were not significant; the minimum detection limits were as follows: both MNV simplex and duplex assays had the same detection limit of 3.125 copies/μL, while MRV simplex and duplex assays had a detection limit of 6.25 copies/μL and 3.125 copies/μL, respectively. The coefficient of variation of Ct values for each concentration within the batch was 0.63%-1.24%, and the coefficient of variation between batches was 3.60%-5.57%. The interference test showed that the detection of low concentration standard samples (MNV101-103copies/μL,MRV 102及103copies/μL) was susceptible to interference from high concentration templates,resulting in higher quantitative values. To detect clinical samples of mouse feces, the positive rate of MNV was 1.8% (10/544), and no positive samples were detected for MRV. 10 of 90 identical mouse fecal samples were tested positive for MNV by duplex real-time fluorescent RT-qPCR and 8 samples were positive by conventional RT-PCR. One sample was tested positive for MRV by both assays and there was no statistical difference in the result between the two assays.Conclusion　The duplex real-time fluorescence RT-qPCR asssy can be used for rapid and efficient routine health monitoring of MNV and MRV in experimental mice. 

Objective　In this study, metagenomic high-throughput sequencing of respiratory tract and intestinal samples from laboratory dogs and companion dogs was performed to obtain the composition and function of their respective microbiota. Methods　Metagenomic high-throughput sequencing was performed on respiratory tract and intestinal samples from 13 Laboratory dogs and 31 companion dogs and relevant analyses were conducted.Results　There were significant differences in species composition and function between laboratory dogs and companion dogs in terms of respiratory tract and intestinal microbiota.Conclusion　The differences in the composition and function of respiratory tract and intestinal microbiota between laboratory dogs and companion dogs are revealed, and provide microbiome basis for the optimization of experimental animal models and pet health management.

Objective　A rapid visual detection method was established for Rift Valley Fever Virus (RVFV), providing technical support for the early diagnosis of RVFV, health monitoring of experimental animals, and prevention and control of RVFV epidemics.Methods　The conserved sequences of RVFV S gene were analyzed to design and screen specific reverse transcription-recombinase-aided isothermal amplification (RT-RAA) primers and gRNAs for the CRISPR/Cas12a system, thereby establishing an RT-RAA-CRISPR/Cas12a nucleic acid visual detection method. The CRISPR/Cas12a reaction system was optimized, with three parallel replicates set for each concentration; subsequently, the RT-RAA reaction conditions were optimized to improve the detection performance of the method. Thereafter, the sensitivity and specificity of this method were evaluated. All experimental results were verified through three repeated experiments.Results　An RT-RAA-CRISPR/Cas12a nucleic acid visual detection method was established targeting the RVFV S gene. Condition optimization experiments confirmed that the method achieved optimal detection performance when the working concentrations of Cas12a protein and gRNA were 0.053 μmol/L and 0.075 μmol/L, respectively, with isothermal amplification conducted at 39 ℃ for 30 minutes followed by a detection reaction at 37 ℃ for 20 minutes. Sensitivity test result showed that this method could stably detect the recombinant plasmid containing the RVFV S gene at a concentration as low as 0.5 copies/μL, demonstrating high sensitivity. Specificity experiments indicated that the method exhibited no cross-reactivity with Nipah virus RNA, recombinant plasmid containing the Lassa virus N gene, Ebola virus RNA, or novel bunyavirus RNA, showing strong specificity.Conclusion　In this study, a RT-RAA-CRISPR/Cas12a nucleic acid visual detection method for RVFV was successfully established. This method has advantages such as high sensitivity and simple operation, and is expected to be applied in primary-level laboratories. It provides technical support for the early detection of RVFV and contributes to vaccine development and epidemic prevention and control.

Objective　To investigate the effects of shape, color, and interval time on object position discrimination in mice.Methods　A total of 90 male C57 mice were randomly assigned to three groups: shape (27 mice), color (27 mice), and interval time (36 mice). Each group underwent tests involving various object shapes, colors, and test intervals to assess the object position discrimination index, which was used to evaluate the mice′s learning and memory abilities. Results　In the shape test, mice demonstrated the highest discrimination index for square objects (P<0.05). In contrast, there were no significant differences in the object discrimination index across different colors. For the interval time test, the discrimination indices were significantly higher for the 10-minute and 1-hour intervals (P<0.05). Conclusion　Both object shape and interval time appear to influence the object position discrimination test in mice. Specifically, a 1-hour interval between object presentation and square objects testing resulted in a higher discrimination index.

Objective　To explore the effects of a high cholesterol diet on the oral microbiota of Bama minipigs over a period of 3 months.Methods　Twelve 8-month-old male Bama minipigs were randomly divided into control group (OS1 group, n=6) and experimental group (OS3 group, n=6). The minipigs in the OS1 group were fed with ordinary feed, while the OS3 group was given high cholesterol diet. Whole blood was collected and serum was separated for blood lipid detection. Twelve oral swabs were aseptically collected from two groups of minipigs for 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region sequencing to analyze the Alpha diversity, Beta diversity, dominant genera and related functional pathways of the oral microbiota of minipigs.Results　At 3 months of the experiment, the body weight of minipigs in group OS3 significantly increased (P<0.05), and the levels of serum TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C in minipigs in group OS3 also significantly increased compared with OS1 (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the Alpha diversity and richness of the oral microbiota of the minipigs between the OS1 group and the OS3 group. The Beta diversity of oral microbiota in minipigs from the OS1 group and the OS3 group showed significantly differences (all P<0.05).The dominant genus of minipigs in the OS1 group were Moraxella, Actinobacillus, Streptococcus and Bergeyella; the dominant genus of minipigs in the OS3 group were Moraxella, Actinobacillus, Streptococcus, Porphyromonas and Fusobacterium; the proportion of the same dominant bacterial genus was different between the two groups. The ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes in the oral cavity of OS3 group minipigs was significantly reduced (P<0.05). Functional prediction of oral microbiota revealed significant alterations in metabolic pathways in the OS3 group of minipigs. Specifically, other glycan degradation, lipid biosynthesis proteins, amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, secondary bile acid biosynthesis, and nucleotide metabolism were significantly upregulated, while the metabolism of cofactors and vitamins and bile secretion were significantly downregulated (all P<0.05).Conclusion　High-cholesterol diet over a period of 3 months causes disorder of blood lipid in minipigs and has an impact on their oral microbiota, changing the composition and proportion of the dominant oral microbiota in minipigs.

Objective　This study aims to evaluate the application of ultrasound perfusion imaging technology in cerebral hemodynamic changes in different types of super-early rat brain ischemia models. Methods　Twenty-two SD rats with locally thinned skulls were randomly divided into the unilateral ligation of right carotid artery group (UI group) and the right middle cerebral artery occlusion group (MCAo group) to establish cerebral ischemia models. Transcranial ultrasound perfusion imaging was performed within 15-30 minutes after modeling to analyze the changes in quantitative perfusion parameters (PI, RT, TTP, WIS, AUC) in the region of interest. The GI quantification software was used to analyze the PI map and TTP map of the right hemisphere before and after modeling in the MCAo group.Results　Comparing quantitative perfusion parameters at two time points before and after modeling only the TTP of the right hemisphere showed significant prolongation in the UI group after modeling (P< 0.05), while TTP was prolonged, PI and AUC were decreased, and WIS was increased in the MCAo group after modeling, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). After surgery, comparison of the region of interest in the right hemisphere between the two groups revealed statistically significant differences in PI and WIS (P<0.05), but no statistically significant differences were found in RT, AUC and TTP. Comparing the abnormal perfusion area in the right hemisphere of the MCAo group with the whole right hemisphere, all perfusion parameters (RT, TTP, PI, AUC, WIS) showed significant differences (P<0.05). Analysis using GI quantification software found no obvious abnormal blood perfusion areas in the PI and TTP maps of the right hemisphere before modeling in the MCAo group; however, after modeling, obvious abnormal blood perfusion areas were found in the cortex and striatum regions in both PI and TTP maps.Conclusion　Ultrasound perfusion imaging can sensitively detect ischemic areas and quantify the degree of cerebral hypoperfusion in differnt types of super-early rat brain ischemia models. It provides a basis for accurately evaluating the extent and severity of cerebral ischemia and offers precise guidance for creating brain ischemia models.

Objective　To analyze the genetic quality of ICR mouse population in the National Rodent Laboratory Animal Resources Database, this study was performed.Methods　The genomic DNA of 30 mice was extracted. Based on the group standard “Laboratory animal-Method for microsateltlie markers of laboratory mice and rats”, 20 microsatellite loci distributed on all chromosomes of mice were selected for PCR amplification. The amplified products were sequenced and analyzed. In addition, the allele numbers, heterozygosity, and polymorphism information content were also calculated. Results　The average number of alleles detected at 20 microsatellite loci in ICR mice was 4.15, with an average heterozygosity of 0.502 and an average polymorphism information content of 0.456.Conclusion　The genetic diversity of the ICR mouse population in the National Rodent Laboratory Animal Resources Center was relatively ideal, meeting the genetic quality requirements of closed colony in national standards.

Objective　To understand the drug sensitivity and resistance genes carried by Salmonella from tree shrews.Methods　Salmonella was isolated and purified from the intestinal contents of tree shrews, followed by biochemical analysis and K-B drug sensitivity test for bacterial identification. PCR technology was used to detect the resistance genes of the strains.Results　The pathogenic identification result confirmed that the isolated strains were Salmonella; The result of the drug sensitivity test showed that the isolated strains were resistant to six antibiotics, including penicillin, doxycycline, minocycline, erythromycin,tetracycline and benzylpenicillin,while five resistance genes, including quinolone qnrS , tetracycline tetA,tetB and β-lactam TEM,SHV were detected.Conclusion　The Salmonella isolated from Tree shrews in this study carries multiple resistance genes and is resistant to some antibiotics.

Objective　To investigate the effect of age and sex on basal blood indicators of Beagle dogs. Methods　Blood samples were collected from Beagle dogs of both sexes during the juvenile (6-8 months), young adulthood (2-3 years), adulthood (4-5 years), and senior (8-9 years) stages. The blood cell analyzer was used to measure the white blood cell count, red blood cell count, hemoglobin content, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, red blood cell distribution width, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in the blood. The result were statistically analyzed. Results　The test result showed that the number of lymphocytes in the blood of female dogs aged 6-8 months was significantly higher than that of male dogs and female dogs aged 8-9 years (P<0.05),and the red blood cell count and hemoglobin content were significantly lower than those of 4-5-year-old male dogs (P<0.05), and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate was significantly higher than that of 4-5-year-old and 8-9-year-old female dogs (P<0.05). The platelet count in the blood of 2-3-year-old young dogs was the lowest, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate was significantly lower than that of 4-5-year-old and 8 9-year-old female dogs (P<0.05), but slightly higher than 6-8 months old younger dogs. The red blood cell count and hemoglobin content of 4-5-year-old male dogs were significantly higher than those of 6-8 month-old female dogs and 8-9-year-old female dogs (P<0.05), and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate was significantly lower than that of 4-5-year-old and 8-9-year-old female dogs (P<0.05), but slightly higher than 6-8 months old younger dogs of the same gender, There were no significant differences observed in other indicators.Conclusion　The result indicated that the young dogs could be used as experimental animals withoud significant concern for the impact of hematological parameters; when choosing juvenile beagles as animal models, attention should be paid to the influence of red blood cells, platelets, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate; old dogs, due to their lower white blood cell count, could be used for specific disease research, but the influence of high erythrocyte sedimentation rate should be noted.

Objective　This study explored the isolation and identification method of rat amniotic mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes, laying a foundation for subsequent research on the treatment of rat amniotic mesenchymal cells and their exosomes.Methods　①For an 18-day- pregnant Sprague Dawley (SD) rat, inject 400 IU/kg heparin into the heart. Soak the uterus in 75% alcohol, and the amniotic tissue was separated in 0.9% sodium chloride solution. ②Digest step by step with 0.75 mg/mL collagenase and 0.25% trypsin, and culture in α-MEM medium (supplemented with 4 ng/mL fibroblast growth factor).③Identification was performed through morphological observation, surface marker detection, and immunofluorescence. ④Exosomes were extracted by ultra-centrifugation, and their morphology was observed by transmission electron microscopy, protein concentration was determined by the BCA method, and surface markers were measured.Results　The stem cells adhered to the wall and grew, showing a long spindle-shaped morphology, and the cells were interconnected. Flow cytometry detection of stem cell surface antigens showed that the expressions of CD29 and CD90 were positive, while the expressions of CD34 and CD45 were negative. The result of cell immunofluorescence indicated that the expression of Vimentin was positive.The results indicated that the isolated rat amniotic stem cells were mesenchymal stem cells. The exosomes isolated by ultra-centrifugation had a complete and oval shape, a bilayer membrane structure, and uniform size. The result of particle size analysis showed that the average diameter was 82.6±14.0 nm. Flow cytometry detection showed that the expressions of surface proteins CD9, CD63, and CD81 were positive. The protein concentration of exosomes determined by the BCA method was 0.995 μg/μL.Conclusion　Rat amniotic mesenchymal cells were successfully isolated by the step-by-step digestion method using collagenase and trypsin, and exosomes of rat amniotic mesenchymal cells were extracted by ultra-centrifugation, providing an experimental basis for the research and application of rat amniotic mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes.

Objective　To comparatively analyze the advantages and disadvantages of three different modeling methods for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA): chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), sodium hyaluronate gel injection at the junction of the hard and soft palate (HA-T), and botulinum toxin type A injection into the genioglossus muscle (BoNT-A).Methods　Twenty-four 8-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, CIH, HA-T, and BoNT-A. Rats in the control group were kept in a normoxic environment. The CIH group underwent daily intermittent hypoxia exposure for 8 hours over 4 weeks. The HA-T group received HA-T injections at the hard-soft palate junction, while the BoNT-A group received BoNT-A injections into the genioglossus muscle, followed by a 4-week observation period. Successful modeling was assessed by monitoring periodic changes in body weight, blood oxygen saturation (SpO2 ) at the end of the 4th week, the maximum distance from the free edge of the soft palate to the trachea, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining of left lung tissue, and ELISA detection of blood inflammatory factors.Results　Compared with the control group, the CIH, HA-T, and BoNT-A groups exhibited weight loss. Both the HA-T and BoNT-A groups showed significantly reduced mean SpO2 [HA-T(89.00±2.61)vs. (93.50±1.38), P<0.05], [BoNT A(85.17±4.22)vs. (93.50±1.38), P<0.001]. The BoNT-A group demonstrated a significant narrowing of the maximum distance from the soft palate free edge to the trachea (2.70±0.14) vs. (3.18±0.14), P<0.001. HE staining revealed lung tissue damage in the CIH, HA-T, and BoNT-A groups compared with the control group. ELISA result showed that TNF-α and IL-1β levels were significantly elevated in the CIH group [TNF-α(36.98±5.16) vs. (13.16±1.67), P<0.01], [IL-1β (16.58±1.09) vs. (11.09±1.54), P<0.05, while TNF-α levels were also markedly increased in the BoNT-A group (51.00±7.64) vs. (13.16±1.67), P<0.001. TNF-α levels in the CIH and BoNT-A groups were significantly higher than in the HA-T group [CIH(36.98±5.16) vs. (18.10±4.60), P< 0.05], [BoNT-A(51.00±7.64)vs. (18.10±4.60), P<0.001].Conclusion　All three modeling methods successfully induced OSA-like symptoms in rats, while the BoNT-A group exhibiting the most pronounced upper airway obstruction.

Objective　To observe the effect of Simplified Chaihu Shugan Powder(SCSP) on behaviors of depression-pain comorbidities rats.Methods　Thirty-two SPF male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, fluoxetine group, SCSP group, with each group consisting of 8 rats. Each drug group was made by intraperitoneal injection of reserpine, fluoxetine hydrochloride was used as the positive control drug, and each drug group was given the corresponding drug by intragastric administration for 14 days.At the end of the experiment, we measured the body weight, we use forced swimming test, sucrose preference test,open field test to evaluate the depressive status. We use thermal withdrawal latency(TWL)and paw withdrawal thresholds(PWT)to evaluate the pain sensation.Results　Compared with the control group, the body weight,body weight gain,sugar water preference index,total distance and numbers of crossing grids of open field experiment in model group decreased significantly (P<0.01); immobile time of forced swimming test in model group increased significantly (P<0.01);the foot retraction time of TWL, foot retraction threshold of PWT decreased significantly (P<0.01) in model group. Compared with the model group, the body weight,body weight gain,total distance and numbers of crossing grids of open field experiment in SCSP group increased significantly (P<0.01); sugar water preference index increased in SCSP group (P<0.05);immobile time of forced swimming test in SCSP group decreased significantly (P<0.01);the foot retraction time of TWL, foot retraction threshold of PWT increased significantly (P<0.01) in SCSP group.Conclusion　SCSP can effectively increase the body weight gain of depression-pain comorbidities rats, partially combat the behavioral changes caused by reserpine, improve despair, loss of pleasure, decreased exercise ability and pain of depression-pain comorbiditis rats, and achieve the effect of relieving depression and pain.

Objective　To summarize and sort out the procurement situation of cage changing stations through the Chinese government procurement network in 2013-2023, and analyze the product procurement trend and important technical parameters of cage changing stations, so as to provide a basis for the procurement and acceptance of cage changing stations.Methods　The procurement data were classified and summarized using EXCEL according to the number of procurement items, purchase quantity, amount, brand and country, and type of cage changing station for each year.Results　The overall purchase volume of cage changing stations showed an upward trend, indicating that the demand for cage changing stations in Chinese laboratory animal industry increased, and the market share of domestic cage changing stations occupied a great advantage, and there was still development potential in the field of biosafety cage changing stations.Conclusion　This work expounds and analyzes the key points of procurement and acceptance for the cage changing station, and puts forward opinions and suggestions for the development of the cage changing station.

Sigmodon hispidus, belonging to the order Rodentia, family Hamsters, and genus Sigmodon, has a total of 8 species and genera. Among them, the hairy sigmodon and the yellow-bellied sigmodon are commonly used experimental animals, and the hairy sigmodon is more widely applied. Cotton mice are susceptible to a variety of human pathogens. The pathological features of pneumonia caused by their infection are highly similar to those of humans. Therefore, they have become important animal models for tuberculosis and viral respiratory diseases, especially in the study of paramyxoviridae viral infections, where they have significant advantages. This article systematically reviews the application and characteristics of cotton mice in the research of infectious respiratory diseases, with a focus on analyzing their applicability in bacterial (such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis) and viral (such as influenza virus, avian influenza virus, etc.) respiratory infection models, with the aim of providing scientific and technological workers with a more comprehensive basis for selecting animal models and promoting the development and application of cotton mice as a new type of experimental resource.

To advance the informatization of laboratory animal management and meet the requirements for full lifecycle traceability, this study integrates advanced information technologies to develop a laboratory animal management system based on a B/S architecture. The system fundamentally optimizes the management of laboratory animals by providing a scientifically efficient approach to comprehensively record individual animal information and family lineage. It eliminates the dependency on the physical location of laboratory animal facilities, introducing unprecedented flexibility and precision to animal management. With this system, researchers can efficiently handle the complex tasks of managing genetically modified animals, significantly streamline operational workflows, and focus more on addressing scientific challenges and driving innovation, thereby enhancing research efficiency. The system features robust functionality, ease of use, and a user-friendly interface. It has been successfully implemented in multiple laboratory animal centers, serving as a critical technological foundation for improving the management and service levels of laboratory animal operations.