Abstract: Objective　To analyze the genetic quality of an experimental sheep population by using microsatellite markers.Methods　 Thirty-six microsatellite loci were selected for PCR amplification and genotyping in 40 experimental sheep DNA samples. Sequencing data were analyzed using Popgen 1.32 software. Results　A total of 257 alleles were detected in the experimental sheep population, with a Shannon index of 1. 447 2, a polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0. 636 2, and an average heterozygosity of 0. 671 4. These results indicate that the genetic quality of the experimental sheep population conforms to the standard requirements for an outbred population. Conclusion　The 36 microsatellite loci used in this study exhibit high polymorphism and can effectively evaluate population genetic diversity. The population shows high average heterozygosity, rich genetic variation, and no obvious inbreeding depression, indicating a reasonable genetic structure and favorable genetic stability.

Key words: experimental sheep, genetic quality, microsatellites, laboratory animals

摘要： 目的　应用微卫星技术对实验用羊群体的遗传质量进行分析。方法　筛选36个微卫星位点对1个实验用 羊群体的40头份DNA样本进行PCR扩增和基因测序,并应用Popgen1.32软件分析测序数据。结果　该实验用 羊群体遗传结构为257个等位基因数,香隆指数为1.4472,多态性信息含量是0.6362,群体平均杂合度为0.6714。 表明该群体的遗传质量符合封闭群实验动物遗传质量标准。结论　该方法覆盖的36个位点呈高度多态性,可有 效反映群体遗传多样性;平均杂合度处于较高水平,提示该群体基因杂合程度良好、遗传变异丰富,无明显近交衰 退现象,该实验羊群体遗传结构合理、遗传稳定性佳。

关键词: 实验用羊, 遗传质量, 微卫星, 实验动物