Table of Content

28 February 2025, Volume 42 Issue 1

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Establishment of Reproductive Damage Model of Male Mice Induced by Cyclophosphamide

WU Chongchong , QI Xiangyang , CHENG Xin , AN Chunna , ZHANG Hongning , HU Lei

2025, 42(1):  1-6.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2025. 01. 001

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Objective To explore the model of cyclophosphamide-induced reproductive damage in male mice from two aspects of animal species and cyclophosphamide dosage. Method Healthy six-week-old male ICR mice and BALB / c mice were randomly divided into 8 groups: ICR-control, ICR-60, ICR-100, ICR-200, BALB-control, BALB-60, BALB-100 and BALB-200. ICR-control and BALB-control groups were intraperitoneally injected with normal saline once a week for 5 weeks. ICR-60 group and BALB-60 group were intraperitoneally injected cyclophosphamide 60 mg / kg every day in the first 5 days. ICR-100, BALB-100 groups and ICR-200, BALB-200 groups were intraperitoneally injected with cyclophosphamide 100 mg / kg and 200 mg / kg once a week for 5 weeks, respectively. The experiment lasted for 35 days. The mice were weighed weekly and the death of the mice was recorded. On the 36th day, the mice were sacrificed, the testes and epididymis were separated, weighed, and the testis and epididymis indexes were calculated. One side of testis was fixed, embedded and sectioned, and the testis structure was observed by HE staining. The other testis was frozen, and the activity of superoxide dismutase was measured. Result The mortality of BALB-60 and BALB-200 groups was 100%, the mortality of ICR100, ICR-200 and BALB-100 groups was high, and the mortality of ICR-60 group was 0. The testis index and epididymis index of ICR experimental groups decreased to different degrees, but only the testis index of BALB-100 group decreased. HE staining showed that spermatogenic tubules were damaged in all model groups, and the degree of damage was correlated with cyclophosphamide concentration. SOD activity of testis in ICR-60 group decreased, but SOD activity of testis in other groups did not change significantly. Conclusion ICR-60 is a more suitable model of cyclophosphamide-induced mice reproductive damage.


Model Establishment and Imaging Evaluation of Tibial Bone Defect in Rats

AN Zhongwei, YUAN Jiani , LIU Jin , CHEN Dan , LUO Wen , ZHANG Yunfei

2025, 42(1):  7-11.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2025. 01. 002

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Objective To establish a model of tibial bone defect in rats prepared by Kirschner wire cortical fixation method, and to evaluate it by imaging. Method A total of 30 ( Sprague-Dawley, SD) rats were divided into three groups: sham group, fixed group and unfixed group, with 10 rats in each group, the fixed group and the non-fixed group had bone defects caused by chainsaws in the middle of the tibia, the width of the defect was 2 mm, the depth was 2 mm, the fixed group was fixed in the bone cortex with K-wire ( the non-fixed group did not use K-wire ) , and the sham group only exposed the middle tibia. Micro computed tomography ( Micro-CT) , Hematoxylin-eosin staining ( HE staining ) , Masson’ s trichrome staining, Safranin O / Fast green staining, Toluidine blue staining was used to evaluate the bone defect model and healing. Result The success rate of modeling in the fixed group was 100% and 60% in the unfixed group on the 3rd day after surgery (P<0. 05) . The height and width of the bone defect were (1. 65±0. 21) mm and ( 1. 99±0. 15) mm measured by Micro-CT on the 3 days after operation, and the width and height of the bone defect were ( 1. 38±0. 17) mm and ( 1. 77±0. 16) mm on the 14 days after surgery. Micro-CT result were consistent with tissue sectioning result. Conclusion In this study, the K-wire cortical fixation method was used to prepare the defect model, and the morphology and healing of the model can be evaluated by Micro-CT, which provides an animal model for the basic research on the diagnosis and treatment of bone defect.


Analysis of the Enterovirus Pathogen Spectrum in Wild Rhesus Macaques

HOU Jinghan, XU Hongjie , SUN Wenting , LI Mingxue , LI Yanyan, JIN Weihua , YANG Fengmei , HE Zhanlong

2025, 42(1):  12-17.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2025. 01. 003

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Objective This study aims to investigate the spectrum of enteric viruses in wild rhesus macaques, providing a scientific basis for the management and introduction of wild monkey populations, disease prevention, and occupational health protection for caregivers. Method This study collected 218 fresh fecal samples of wild rhesus macaques in Yunnan Province, fecal samples from rhesus macaques were collected, viral RNA was extracted, and RT-snPCR detection was performed using enterovirus universal primers 222 / 224 and AN88 / AN89, and positive samples were sequenced and analyzed to confirm the virus type. Result This rhesus monkey group had an enterovirus carrier rate of 11% ( 24 / 218) , as follows: baby monkeys had a carrier rate of 7. 5%(4 / 53) ; young monkeys had a carrier rate of 3. 5% (2 / 57) ; adult monkeys had a carrier rate of 16. 7%(9 / 54) ; and the carrier rate of the old monkey group was 16. 7%( 9 / 54) . Conclusion Genotyping of enteric viruses indicated that the virus spectrum primarily consisted of Enterovirus J, Enterovirus sp. and Enterovirus A groups. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the virus spectrum is closely related to EVJ, EVA92, EVA119, SV19, and SV46 enteroviruses.

Influence of Sampling Methods on the Quality of Mouse Peripheral Blood Samples

LU Wanting, LI Xia, XIAO Haohao, TONG Wei , GUO Zhi , ZHANG Xu, DONG Wei, ZHANG Qi, XIANG Zhiguang

2025, 42(1):  18-22.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2025. 01. 004

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Objective To evaluate the influence of different blood collection method on the quality of blood samples in mice. Method For C57BL / 6J and ICR mice, three blood collection sites were used: orbital venous plexus, mandibular vein and caudal tip, and blood samples were collected at anesthetic or not, and serum and plasma were separated, respectively. The light absorption of samples at 415, 541 and 576 nm was measured to evaluate the hemolytic quality. ELISA was used to measure corticosterone and adrenocorticotropic hormone to evaluate the stress states of animals. Result The absorbance variability of the blood samples obtained by the tail tip blood collection method at 415 nm, 541 nm and 576 nm was large, and the heme light absorption of some samples was high, which was statistically different from the other two method. There was no significant difference in the level of adrenocorticotropic hormone in serum and plasma samples obtained by different blood collection method, and the plasma corticosterone content obtained by the orbital venous plexus collection method of non-anesthetized animals was higher than that obtained by the mandibular blood collection method( P < 0. 05) . Conclusion The blood samples from the tail tip are affected by the stability of operation, and there is a risk of hemolysis in blood samples. Mandibular blood collection is easy to operate, the collection volume is large, the blood collection time is short, the hemolysis risk is low and the level of irritation to animals is low than method by orbital venous plexus. 

Establishment of a Method for Eliminating Nonspecific Agglutination Factors in Rhesus Monkey Serum

RAN Yanhong , YAN Xinxin , SONG Hui , DAI Mengyu, WANG Limei , YANG Wei

2025, 42(1):  23-26.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2025. 01. 005

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Objective This study aims to explore a method for eliminating nonspecific agglutination factors (NSAs) in rhesus monkey serum. Method Firstly, 1% chicken red blood cells and 1% guinea pig red blood cells were used to screen NSAs in rhesus monkey serum, respectively. Then, serum samples showing nonspecific agglutination were mixed with different concentrations ( 1%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) of chicken red blood cells in equal volumes, and the agglutination test was carried out by chicken red blood cells after adsorption treatment at room temperature for 0. 5 h, 1 h and 2-8 ℃ for 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 h, respectively. Ultimately, the conditions of adsorpting and eliminating NSAs in rhesus monkey serum were preliminarily determined and verified, included the best chicken red blood cell concentration, adsorption time, adsorption temperature and elimination stability. Result (1) NSAs were existed in rhesus monkey serum, with a 100% agglutination rate was observed when screened using 1% chicken red blood cells or 1% guinea pig red blood cells. ( 2 ) The rhesus monkey nonspecific agglutination serum was adsorpted with different concentrations of chicken erythrocytes. The elimination rate of NSAs range from 0% -50%, 0% after treated at room temperature for 0. 5 h and1 h, respectively. The elimination rates of NSAs range from 20% -54%, 40% -100%, 90% -100%, 80% -100%, 90% - 100% after treated at 2-8 ℃ for 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 and 12 h, respectively. (3) The elimination rate of NSAs in rhesus monkey serum could reach at 90. 00%and 83. 33%when treated with 5% chicken erythrocytes at 2-8 ℃ for 4 h and 6 h, respectively. Conclusion This study successfully established an efficient, stable and reliable method for eliminating NSAs in rhesus monkey serum using chicken red blood cells adsorption treatment.

Analysis of Laboratory Animal Resource in Yunnan Province

CAI Qi , WANG Peijin , LI Rong , JIAO Jianlin , ZHENG Hong

2025, 42(1):  27-32.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2025. 01. 006

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Objective To systematically analyze the basic situation of laboratory animal resources in Yunnan Province, and to provide a scientific basis for the construction of laboratory animal innovation service system in Yunnan Province. Method A questionnaire and verification were used to survey the resources and industry distribution, production and use of laboratory animals, facility area and equipment investment, and employees of 44 laboratory animal institutions licensed before June 30, 2023, in Yunnan Province. Result All 44 questionnaires were retrieved. In Yunnan Province, laboratory animal institutions are distributed in 8 prefectures, and 54. 5% of them are enterprises, among which the biomedical industry accounts for the largest proportion (47. 7%) . There are a total of 79 licenses in the province, including 51 use licenses and 28 production licenses, with Kunming accounting for 72. 2% of  the licenses. 7 categories of laboratory animals and monkey feed are produced, and the production capacities of monkey feed, mice and specific pathogen-free( SPF) grade guinea pigs are 28. 8, 5. 6 and 3. 0 times respectively of the production volumes in 2022. 13 categories of laboratory animals are used, including mice, rats, guinea pigs and rabbits. The total area of laboratory animal facilities was 186 000 m 2 , of which production facilities accounted for 66 %, and the proposed facilities accounted for 71%. The total value of instruments and equipment for animal experiments accounts for 69%. From 2021 to 2023, there is an upward trend in the cost of operating the facility. 95% of full-time laboratory animal personnel hold training record cards. Conclusion It is necessary to lead the layout of experimental animal industrialization from the government level, establish an operation mechanism for experimental animal innovation and development in Yunnan Province, and enhance the ability of laboratory animals to serve scientific and technological innovation.

Establishment of High Lipid Animal Model of Seborrheic Dermatitis in Rats

WU Junyi , FU Yunfei , KANG Huahua , TU Du , XU Zhihong

2025, 42(1):  33-37.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2025. 01. 007

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Objective To establish an animal model of seborrheic dermatitis in rats after consuming high fat diet. Method The proportion of Omega-6 and Omega-3 was studied, and the rats were fed diets with different contents for 4 weeks. The skin lipid secretion and the symptoms of depilation, scaling, red rash and papule were observed and compared among different groups. To further study the effects of different proportions and contents of high-fat foods on skin oil secretion, skin surface fungal flora, skin pathological sections and serum interleukin-4, interleukin-6 and TNF-α concentrations, and compare the skin status of rats with seborrheic dermatitis and healthy rats. Result Omega-6 to Omega-3 ratio 20 ∶ 1. Feeding a high-fat diet containing up to 31. 5% for 4 weeks resulted in abnormal secretion of lipid on the skin of rats, symptoms of hair removal, scaling, rash and papule appeared in different degrees on the skin of rats, serum interleukin-4, interleukin-6 and triglyceride concentrations increased, tumor necrosis factor decreased, and seborrheic dermatitis was successfully established. Conclusion The rat model of  seborrhoeic dermatitis was established successfully by changing the content of lipid in feed. 

Research on the Regulatory Mechanism of Elongation Factor 1-α in Apoptosis in Eimeria stiedae

LI Zhihan, LIU Yongning, SHAN Yige, AN Jian

2025, 42(1):  38-44.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2025. 01. 008

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Objective To investigate the main mechanism by which Eimeria acervulina elongation factor 1-α ( EaEF-1α ) regulates apoptosis during Eimeria acervulina infection. Method EaEF-1α was isolated from the supernatant of Eimeria acervulina schizozoites infecting DF-1 cells. It was then recombined with the plasmid pEGFP-N1 to obtain the recombinant plasmid pEGFP-N1-EaEF-1α, which was transfected into DF-1 cells. Western blot and fluorescence detection were used to verify the expression. Apoptosis of DF-1 cells in the lipopolysaccharide group, pEGFP-N1 group, pEGFP-N1-EF-1α group, and blank group was detected by flow cytometry. The expression levels of apoptosis factors Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase3, and Caspase8 in DF-1 cells in the lipopolysaccharide group, pEGFP-N1 group, pEGFP-N1-EF-1α group, and blank group were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) . Result Flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis rate of the pEGFP-N1-EF-1α group was significantly lower than that of the pEGFP-N1 group and the lipopolysaccharide group. The expression level of Bax in the lysates of DF-1 cells decreased, while the expression levels of Bcl-2 and Caspase3 increased. The value of Bcl-2 / Bax in the pEGFP-N1-EF-1α group was significantly higher than that in the pEGFP-N1 group and the lipopolysaccharide group. There was no difference in the expression level of Caspase8. Conclusion Over-expression of EaEF-1α in vitro significantly inhibits apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway.

Effect of Blood Routine and Liver Function in SD Rats After Single High Dose Irradiation on Liver 

LI Wenzhe , HUANG Yiwei , XU Li , HUANG Yiwen , LIU Chenchen , LI Wenjun , ZHANG Meng , YUAN Fang

2025, 42(1):  45-50.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2025. 01. 009

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Objective To explore effects of abdominal venous blood routine and liver function indicators in SD rats after a single high-dose radiation exposure. Method 48 SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: before irradiation ( group R0) , 3 days after irradiation ( group R1 ) , 7 days after irradiation ( group R2) , 14 days after irradiation ( group R3) , 21 days after irradiation ( group R4) , 28 days after irradiation ( group R5) . The normal control groups ( group C) correspond to the time of each R group. The partial liver of rats in the R group was given a single dose of 20 Gy 6 MV X-ray irradiation with a linear accelerator. After irradiation, weight changes of each group of rats were recorded and the blood routine and liver function indicators were test using abdominal venous blood. Result After a short decrease, the body weight of the irradiation group rats increased, the body weight of all groups were significantly smaller than that of group C at the same period (P<0. 05) . The result of white blood cells ( WBC ) , platelets ( PLT ) , and percentage of eosinophils ( PEO ) in routine blood tests showed significant differences compared to group C (P<0. 05) . 14 days after irradiation, ALT and AST showed significant differences between group R3 and group C. in the corresponding indicators in liver function tests (P<0. 05) . The composite group test result showed that only HGB and PBA data have no significant difference before and after irradiation. At 7 days after irradiation,early pathological changes in the liver cells can be observed by light microscope. Moreover, with prolongation of the time, the injury was aggravated. Conclusion After high-dose X-ray irradiation of a portion of liver, blood routine and liver function data showed significant changes. However, pathological changes observed by light microscope could be prior to result of the blood routine and liver function test. 

Disinfection Effect of Commonly Used Disinfectants in the Barrier Environment of Experimental Animals

NIE Yongsheng, QIN Mian, HU Lan, HUANG Weixiang, XU Liulian, WANG Long, LIU Yutong, ZHU Qian, MA Jiachun, GONG Likun, SUN Jianhua

2025, 42(1):  51-55.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2025. 01. 010

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Objective To explore the disinfection effects of 6 disinfectants, namely 3% hydrogen peroxide, 75% ethanol, 84 disinfectant, brand 1 disinfectant, brand 2 disinfectant and potassium bisulfate, in animal houses in barrier environment, so as to provide reference for actual disinfection work.  Method The 6 disinfectants were diluted accordingly according to the product instructions, and the cage boxes of SPF mice were prepared, and the dirty bedding was fully rubbed to make the microorganisms fully contact with the gloves, and the experimental group used sterile gloves to rub the dirty bedding and then disinfect it with different method, Then sampled the surface of the gloves, the sampling positions were all palms and backs, the sampling area was 5 cm×5 cm, the sample solution was smeared on the agar petri dish for bacterial culture, Then positive control was directly sampled and cultured after rubbing the dirty bedding. The negative control samples were smeared on the surface of sterile medical gloves, All experimental groups and the positive and negative control groups were treated with 3 sterile agar medium for 48 h at 37 ℃ to count the growth colonies, and the disinfection effects of different treatment method were compared. Result No colony growth was observed after 75% ethanol disinfection. Brand 2 disinfectant solution was diluted and soaked in 1 ∶ 200 and 1 ∶ 400 for disinfection, and no colony growth was observed in the sampling culture. The average number of colonies grown after 3% hydrogen peroxide disinfection was ( 0. 33 ± 0. 47) cfu / dish. The average number of colonies after disinfection of brand 2 disinfectant solution (1 ∶ 128 dilution) was (53. 3±3. 9) cfu / dish, the average number of colonies after spray disinfection of brand 1 disinfectant solution ( 1 ∶ 100 dilution ) was ( 52. 3± 4. 5 ) cfu / dish, potassium persulfate ( 1 ∶ 100 dilution) was ( 68. 3 ± 5. 3) cfu / dish, 84 disinfectant solution ( 1 ∶ 50 dilution) average colonies were (62. 0±2. 4) cfu / dish, and potassium persulfate (1 ∶ 200 dilution) and other disinfectant spray disinfection method, the average number of colonies was (145. 7±5. 7) cfu / dish, and the average number of colonies after spraying of brand 2 disinfectant (1 ∶ 200 dilution) was (178. 3 ±2. 1) cfu / dish. The number of colonies grew in the positive control > 500 cfu / dish, and the colonies grew in the negative control. Conclusion The order of disinfection effect is 75% ethanol, 3% hydrogen peroxide spray and brand 2 disinfectant soaking, high concentration ( brand 1 disinfectant, potassium persulfate and 84 disinfectant) spray disinfection, and low concentration potassium persulfate and low concentration brand 2 disinfectant spray. The validation result can provide a reference for the use of disinfectants in animal rearing processes. 

Animal Models of Pulmonary Fibrosis Based on Data Mining

KANG Bi , CHENG Dong , SHUAI Weiwei

2025, 42(1):  56-62.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2025. 01. 011

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Objective To study the modeling characteristics of pulmonary fibrosis models ( PF models) in animals and to provide references for the establishment of stable and reliable animal models of pulmonary fibrosis. Method The research articles on animal models of pulmonary fibrosis were retrieved to establish a database. The types of experimental animals, modeling method, positive drug types, highfrequency detection indicators,etc. ,were summarized and analyzed. Result A total of 178 articles were included. The most commonly used animals for the PF models were Wistar rats (54 times, 28. 72%) , SD rats (51 times, 27. 13%) , and C57BL / 6 mice ( 48 times, 25. 53%) , which tended to be male ( 112 times, 59. 57%) . Most modeling method were BLM-induced model ( 134 times, 71. 28%) and silica-induced model ( 25 times, 13. 30%) . The most detected indicators were lung histopathology ( 125 times, 24. 18%) , biochemical index of lung homogenate supernatant (66 times, 12. 77%) , lung histopathology scores ( 48 times, 9. 28%) and immunohistochemistry of lung tissue ( 43 times, 8. 32%) . Conclusion By summarising and analysing the preparation method and key indicators of PF animal models, this study provided references for improving the success rate of modeling in animals, with a view to providing a basis for the research of PF. 

Study on Toxicity of Liangdi Granules After Single and Repeated Administration

MA Hui , TANG Liansheng , ZHANG Yan , LIU Haibin , QI Xiaodan , WANG Chunyan

2025, 42(1):  63-68.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2025. 01. 012

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Objective To investigated the toxicity of Liangdi Granules, a modern dosage form of the classical prescription Liangdi decoction, through single administration and repeated administration in SD rats, and to evaluate safety. Method Single dose toxicity test: the test was carried out by the maximum dose method. 20 female rats were randomly divided into vehicle control group ( pure water) and 48 g / kg dose group of Liangdi granules, with 10 rats in each group. After intragastrically administered, the toxicity and death of rats were investigated for 14 days. Repeated administration toxicity test: 84 female SD rats were randomly divided into vehicle control group ( pure water) and 3, 6 and 12 g / kg dose group of Liangdi granules, with 21 rats in each group. Rats were administrered continuously for 26 weeks, and recovered for 4 weeks. The test items included clinical observation, body weight, food intake, hematology, coagulation, serum biochemistry and histopathological examination. Result There was no obvious toxic reaction in SD rats at a single dose of 48 g / kg. SD rats were given Liangdi Granules by intragastric administration for 26 weeks. There were no toxic reactions related to the test article in body weight, food intake, hematology, coagulation, serum biochemistry and histopathological examination of rats in each dose group. Conclusion The Liangdi granules has no acute toxicity to SD rats, and the NOAEL is 12 g / kg in the repeated administration toxicity test.

Surveillance of Mite and Flagellate in Fection in Sentinel Mice Using Soiled Bedding in an IVC System in a Barrier Environment

WANG Meifang , YU Xiaoya , LI Zhiman , SUN Guangjie , SUN Zhanwei , YANG Yongguang , SUN Liguang

2025, 42(1):  69-73.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2025. 01. 013

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Objective To investigate the effective time and sensitivity of sentinel mice in monitoring mite and flagellate infection in IVC System in barrier environment under different types of soiled bedding ( corncob and shavings) , and to explore the actual monitoring ability of sentinel mice. Method 42 sentinel mice ( 4-week-old female ICR) were randomly divided into 6 groups. The sentinel mice were raised with 100% of the feeding soiled bedding ( corncob or shavings) from mite and flagellate double positive mice, or directly placed in the cage of the mice infected with both mites and flagellates. Then the sentinel mice were detected at different times after exposure. Result After 6 weeks, the mite infection rates of the sentinel mice added soiled corncob and shavings bedding were 20% and 60%, respectively, but the detection of flagellate in both groups was negative. After 8 weeks, the mite infection rate of sentinel mice with 100% soiled corncob bedding was 33. 33%, and the flagellate infection rate was 16. 67%; the mite infection rate of sentinel mice with 100% soiled shaving bedding was 83. 33% and no flagellate was detected. The sentinel mice, which were directly raised with mite and flagellate double infected mice in the same cage, were 100% infected with mites and flagellates on day 25. Conclusion The corncob soiled bedding is less sensitive than shavings soiled bedding in monitoring mite infection, suggesting that shavings soiled bedding exposure method has reference significance for mice whose population is not easily expanded.

Research Progress on Sterilization Methods of SPF Animal Diet

LI Zhi , SUN Jing , LU Lu , GE Liangpeng , MA Jideng, ZHANG Jinwei

2025, 42(1):  74-79.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2025. 01. 014

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SPF ( Specific Pathogen Free ) animals are specific pathogen-free animals, which refer to laboratory animals that do not carry specific potential infections or conditional diseases and pathogens that greatly interfere with scientific experiments. Sterilizing the finished feed is the premise to ensure the quality of SPF animal microorganisms. Different sterilization methods have different effects on the killing effect of feed microorganisms, nutrients and animal production performance, so they must be identified and selected in the production practice process. The most commonly used sterilization method for SPF animal formula feed include irradiation sterilization and high-pressure steam sterilization. There are few reports on the use of microwave sterilization for SPF animal formula feed sterilization. This paper focuses mainly on the nutritional requirements of SPF animals, the control of microorganisms in feed, the impact of three sterilization methods on feed and animal production, and the preservation technology of SPF animal feed, and summarizes the sterilization method of SPF animal feed.

Research Advances on Dietary Modulation of Metabolic Disorder-related Diseases in Dogs and Cats

LIU Xiaowan , REN Yaxing , CAO Ting , JIA Sizhou , DING Hao , MAO Zhaoqi , ZHANG Xin , WAN Juan

2025, 42(1):  80-86.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2025. 01. 015

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Companion animals are domestic animals that have an emotional bond with people. Pet dogs and cats are becoming the most popular companion animals with their numbers growing year on year. The incidence of chronic diseases in dogs and cats is increasing, especially those related to metabolic disorders. The onset of nutritional and metabolic diseases in dogs and cats is characterised by a long duration, a high incidence and a variety of clinical symptoms. How to control such diseases has become a research hotspot. Dietary modification, a practical measure to prevent diseases associated with metabolic disorders, which provides the best nutritional diet for dogs and cats to alleviate the disease process. In this paper, we introduce the aetiology and classification of metabolic disorders, nutritional requirements, regulatory measures and its advantages and limitations, with the aim of improving the theoretical understanding of dietary management in dogs and cats with metabolic disorders, and expanding its clinical applications. 

Application Management of Laboratory Animal Isolation Environmental Facilities

ZHANG Jie, ZHANG Teng, WU Na, LU Jing

2025, 42(1):  87-90.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2025. 01. 016

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With the wide application of animal models of human diseases, it is inevitable that laboratory animals will be introduced by universities and research institutes. In order to prevent the potential dominance of implicit infection in laboratory animals caused by stress during the introduction process, which can lead to infection with other animals, isolation facilities should be set up to isolate, quarantine, and observe the introduced animals. We have established the isolation system facility by installing isolators in ordinary environments. Through reasonable layout of facility, strengthening disinfection and sterilization, formulation of standard operation procedures, and strict implementation, we can ensure smoother and safer, improve work efficiency, and ensure the quality of animals.

Research Progress of Skin Xenografts

ZHANG Rui , WU Yunpeng , SUN Tianqi , LUAN Tianqi , WANG Zaishan , CHEN Jingqing , QIU Yefeng

2025, 42(1):  91-96.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2025. 01. 017

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Skin wounds are a significant burden on the healthcare system, and patients who survive severe burn injuries not only suffer significant long-term morbidity and disfigurement, but also develop a range of negative psychological effects that directly impact the combat effectiveness of the military. Xenografts can be used to treat skin wounds, providing new treatments for diseases such as cancer and organ damage. In this article, we summarize the current research status of skin xenografts in the treatment of burns, and focus on the current understanding of the immunological mechanisms of xenograft rejection. And we also summarized the research progress of pigs that have been bred for xenografts in the study of immune rejection to compensate for cross-species molecular incompatibility and protect the grafts from immune damage, in order to further provide guidance for the further development of pig skin for xenografts that is less likely to cause immune rejection in humans. 

Overview of Advantages and Disadvantages of Laboratory Mice Blood Collection Method

SUN Weibo, XU Hailing, LYU Ming, HU Qinbao, GAO Ming

2025, 42(1):  97-101.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2025. 01. 018

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As the most commonly used laboratory animals, mice are widely used in various fields of biology and have become an indispensable tool in scientific research. This paper mainly summarizes the common blood collection method of laboratory mice, and analyzes the effects of each method on the laboratory animal body and its advantages and disadvantages. It aims to standardize the blood collection operation process, reduce the harm borne by animals during blood collection, and put forward theoretical support for the rational selection of blood collection method. In order to obtain sufficient volume and highquality blood samples, while ensuring the health and welfare of laboratory animals.

Approach of “Harm-benefit Analysis” and its Challenges in the Welfare and Ethical Review of Experimental Animal ———Based on the Reports of the AALAS-FELASA Working Group 

LIU Xiaoyu, ZHANG Huarui, LI Junyan, LIU Shuai

2025, 42(1):  102-108.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2025. 01. 019

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Conducting “Harm-Benefit Analysis” before animal experiments has become an internationally recognized prerequisite for the use of animals in research and testing. The use of animals for research should be ethically evaluated based on the understanding that the use will provide significant new knowledge facilitating relevant benefits and no unnecessary harm imposed on the animals. In China, the “ Laboratory animal—Guideline for ethical review of animal welfare ” ( GB / T 35892—2018 ) also presents corresponding requirements in the section on the “ principle of balance of interests” . It explicitly mandates filling out the “Experimental Animal Welfare Ethical Review Form” appendix with a “ summary of potential harms and benefits ” . However, both local and international institutions may face the challenge in implementing the harm and benefit analysis. This paper is based on the report from the American Association of Laboratory Animal Science-Federation of European Laboratory Animal Science Association ( AALAS-FELASA ) expert working group on Harm-benefit analysis. It introduces the framework and approach for HBA, and its concepts, two models ( discourse model and metric model) of harm-benefit analysis, how to utilize the harm / benefit assessment framework system for analysis, and current focal points for discussions. The aim of this paper is to provide guidance for local institutions or organizations on evaluating the ethical use of animals in research and testing by the use of harm-benefit analyses.