Abstract: Abstract:Currently，except surgical treatment，we have not found a reliable method of treatment． CTLA － 4 and PD － 1 are two kinds of protein which are produced by T cells． They can puts the brakes on T cells，preventing them from launching full-out immune attacks． By using the monoclonal antibodies of these two protein，the blockerthe CTLA － 4 molecule can be blocked and set the immune system free to destroy cancer． In addition，a personalized treatment that involves genetically modifying a patient’s T cells can make them target tumor cells． It can be used in cancer treatment and is very potential． In this article will make a brief discuss of the above two methods and provide a reference of research in this yield．

Key words: cancer, treatment, monoclonal antibody

摘要： 摘要: 目前，对癌症的治疗除采取手术和化疗方法外，还没有发现可靠的治疗方法。科学研究表明，CTLA－4 和 PD－1是体内的两种蛋白，他们能抑制免疫系统发挥免疫攻击能力，从而导致肿瘤的形成。通过针对这两种蛋白制 备的单克隆抗体，可以破坏他们的抑制作用从而激活免疫系统，发挥抗肿瘤生长作用。此外，通过对 T 细胞进行基 因修饰可以使其将肿瘤细胞作为靶细胞。这种免疫疗法可被用于癌症的治疗并且已经取得了初步的成功。本文对以上两种方法的基本情况作了简要论述。为该领域的研究实践提供一定的参考。

关键词: 癌症, 治疗, 单克隆抗体