Table of Content

28 October 2023, Volume 40 Issue 5

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Effect of Saussurea Flavone Capsule on Behavior and Brain Tissue Protection in Hypobaric Hypoxia Model mice

SHI Zhiqun, LI Lin , ZHANG Jie, CAI Nan, TIAN Yiting , MA Huiping

2023, 40(5):  1-6.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2023. 05. 001

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Objective To investigate the effect of Saussurea flavonoids capsule on the behavior of hypobaric hypoxia model mice and its anti-hypoxia mechanism. Method Mice were randomly divided into normal group, hypoxia model group, acetazolamide and Saussurea flavonoids capsule group, single lavage, after the treatment in simulated conditions of an altitude of 8 000 m for 9 h, using water maze record the change of the behavior of mice, and detection of mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial complex, RT-PCR method for detection of oxygen related gene transcription, The expression of hypoxia-related genes was detected by Western blot. Result Compared with normal group, model group a prolonged latent path chaotic, dropped into the original stage, percentage of movement distance shortened, and the effective number of regional and cross platform less ( P < 0. 05 ) , mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial complex I activity decreased significantly, HIF-1α, VEGF mRNA expression level increased significantly, SOD mRNA and CAT mRNA levels were significantly decreased ( P < 0. 01) . Compared with the model group, the incubation time of Saussurea flavonoids capsule group was shortened, and the times of entering effective quadrant, percentage of moving distance, times of effective area and times of crossing platform were significantly higher than those of the model group (P< 0. 05) , mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial complex I activity were significantly increased ( P < 0. 01) , the mRNA expression and level of HIF-1α and VEGF were decreased, and the mRNA expression levels of SOD and CAT were increased ( P < 0. 01 ) . Conclusion Saussurea flavonoids capsule can prevent learning and memory impairment caused by hypobaric hypoxia, and the mechanism may be related to the influence of mitochondrial activity and the expression of HIF-1α, VEGF and SOD, so as to achieve a good anti-acute altitude sickness effect.


Effect of Shenfu injection combined with Xuebijing on the levels of PCT and HLA-DR in sheep with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome

WANG Hongyi, FENG Xiaoming, LI Yuanming, XIAO Pan, LU Lu, SHEN Dongshuai, NIU Tingxian, ZHANG Ping

2023, 40(5):  7-11.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2023. 05. 002

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Abstract:Objective To investigate the effects of Shenfu injection combined with Xuebijing ( XBJ) on endotoxin-induced multiple organ dysfunction syndrome ( MODS ) , plasma procalcitonin ( PCT ) and MHC-II molecule HLA-DR in high altitude areas Level of influence. Method 24 sheep were randomly divided into normal group, model group, Shenfu injection group ( observation 1 group ) and Shenfu injection combined with Xuebijing group ( observation 2) . Three sheep were taken as the blank control group. Group of 6 only. Except for the normal group, the other groups used intravenous pumping of lipopolysaccharide LPS (6 μg / kg, 30 min) to establish a MODS animal model. Observation group 1 was given intravenous pumping of Shenfu injection ( 100 mL, 20 mL / h ) , Shenfu injection ( 100 mL, 20 mL / h) and Xuebijing ( XBJ ) ( 2 mL / kg ) were injected intravenously in observation group 2. Observation group 1 and observation group 2 took 1 week as a course of treatment, a total of 1 course of treatment. After model building and 0. 5, 1, 2, 3, 7 d after intervention, venous blood was collected to detect PCT and HLA-DR. Result Compared with the normal group, the plasma PCT level of the model group decreased, while the HLA-DR increased, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0. 05) ; the plasma PCT level of sheep in the Shenfu injection and Shenfu injection + XBJ group was significantly reduced ( P<0. 05) , and the decrease in the observation group 2 was the most significant ( P< 0. 05 ) ; the plasma HLA-DR of the observation group 1 and the observation group 2 were both higher than the model group ( P< 0. 05) , And the observation of the two groups was the most obvious ( P < 0. 05 ) . Conclusion Shenfu injection combined with Xuebijing ( XBJ) can improve the animal signs of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome ( MODS) caused by endotoxin in high altitude area, and prevent and treat multiple organ damages such as lung, liver and kidney. It may be related to the reduction of plasma PCT and the increase of plasma HLA-DR levels.


D-galactose Induced Young Tree Shrews Ovarian Senescence

TIAN Chuan, YE Li, ZHAO Xiaojuan, ZHU Xiangqing, ZHAO Jing, RUAN Guangping, PAN Xinghua

2023, 40(5):  12-18.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2023. 05. 003

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Objective Establishing the aging model of tree shrew induced by D-galactose and providing a model reference scheme for the study of ovarian senescence. Method (1) eight young tree shrews were selected and randomly divided into control group ( n = 4) and model group ( n = 4) . (2) the model group was subcutaneously injected with D-galactose on the back of neck according to the dose of 8 g / kg for 5 months, and the ovaries were collected, frozen in liquid nitrogen and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde. (3) the tissue structure of ovary was observed by HE staining, the expression of aging-related molecular proteins was observed by immunohistochemical staining, cell proliferation activity was observed by Ki67 staining, and apoptosis was observed by Tunel staining. Result (1) the boundary between medulla and stroma in the ovarian tissue of tree shrew in the control group was obvious, and the cells were arranged neatly, showing primitive, primary, secondary and mature follicles with a small number of atretic follicles, while in the model group, the ovarian tissue structure of tree shrew was scattered, only primitive and primary follicles were seen locally, and there were a large number of atretic follicles. (2) the expression level of aging-related marker molecules p53, P21 and P16 in the model group was significantly higher than that in the control group. (3) the activity of cell proliferation in the model group was significantly lower than that in the control group. (4) the apoptosis rate of ovarian cells in the model group was significantly higher than that in the control group. Conclusion D-galactose can make ovarian tissue structure scattered, follicle atresia, weaken cell proliferation activity, and increase apoptosis rate.


Effect of Xianling Gubao Capsule on Bone Strength of Growing Rats

GAO Yuhai, XIE Gaoqian, SUN Wei, WU Xi, WANG Zhongqi, BAI Xin, WEI Peng , WANG Longfei, CHEN Keming

2023, 40(5):  19-23.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2023. 05. 004

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Objective To study the effect of Xianling Gubao Capsule on bone strength of growing rats. Method Twenty one month old SD female rats of SPF grade were randomly divided into Control group and Xianling Gubao group, with 10 rats in each group. During the experiment, the whole body bone mineral density was measured every two weeks. After the sixth week, the Xianling Gubao group was significantly higher than the Control group, the samples were killed. The organs, femur, tibia and vertebrae were taken for pathological analysis, bone mineral density test, biomechanical test, micro CT analysis and serum biochemical indexes. Result During the experiment, the body mass of rats in each group showed an upward trend, there was no statistical significance between the two groups, and there were no obvious pathological changes in organs; After 6 weeks of administration, the BMD of whole body, femur and vertebra in Xianling Gubao group were significantly higher than those in the Control group (P < 0. 05 ) ; The maximum load and yield strength of femur in Xianling Gubao group were significantly higher than those in the Control group ( P< 0. 05) , and the maximum load of vertebra was also significantly higher than those in the Control group ( P < 0. 05) . The volume fraction, trabecular thickness and trabecular number of tibia in Xianling Gubao group were significantly higher than those in the Control group (P<0. 05) , and the separation degree of trabecular bone was significantly lower than that in the Control group ( P < 0. 05 ) ; Compared with the Control group, the content of serum OCN increased and the content of TRACP-5b decreased in Xianling Gubao group ( P < 0. 05 ) . Conclusion Xianling Gubao Capsule may improve the bone strength of growing rats by inhibiting bone absorption and promoting bone formation. It has the potential to prevent late osteoporosis by increasing the peak bone mass of growing rats.


Use of 16S rRNA Sequencing for Comparative Analysis of Gut Microbiome in Different Strains of Type 1 Diabetic Mice

LIU Jun, DING Dengfeng, GAO Wei, CHEN Hua, NIU Miaomiao

2023, 40(5):  24-32.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2023. 05. 005

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Objective To compare the composition and diversity of the Gut microbiota of type 1 diabetes mellitus ( T1DM) established by C57BL / 6 ( B6) and FVB mice, and to provide some basic data for further application of the two models in the study of T1DM-related Gut microbiota. Method Forty 8- week old SPF mice were divided into B6 group ( n = 20) and FVB group ( n = 20) , respectively. The two groups of mice were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (40 mg / kg) daily for 5 consecutive days, and fasting blood glucose ≥11. 1 mmol / L for 2 consecutive weeks was considered as T1DM mice. After 6 weeks of modeling, 10 fecal samples were collected from each group, and 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region was sequenced, the Alpha diversity, Beta diversity, dominant families and the functional pathways related to gut microbiota in fecal were analyzed. Result There was no difference in alpha diversity and richness between B6 and FVB T1DM mice ( all P> 0. 05) , and beta diversity was significantly different in the two groups ( all P<0. 05) . The dominant families of T1DM mice in B6 group were Muribaculaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Prevotellaceae, Desulfovibrionaceae and Akkermansiaceae. And the dominant families of T1DM mice in FVB group were Lactobacillaceae、Muribaculaceae、Lachnospiraceae、Prevotellaceae、Clostridiales _ unclassified、 Saccharimonadaceae and Marinifilaceae. The proportion of the same dominant bacterial families was a significant difference between the two groups. The ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes were increased significantly in B6 and FVB groups. The functional pathways of the gut microbiome of T1DM mice in the two groups were concentrated in the metabolic pathways with amino acid, sugar metabolism and nucleotide metabolism. Conclusion There was no difference in alpha diversity of gut microbiome between B6 and FVB groups of T1DM mice, but the composition and proportion of gut microbiome were significantly different. The composition proportion of the dominant gut microbiome was changed in the different models.

Analysis of Genomic Sequencing Differences in BALB / c Mutant Curly Mice

TANG Zirong , LI Xiaojuan, JIANG Qiyu, LI Xingjie, SUN Huiwei , LI Ruisheng

2023, 40(5):  33-37.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2023. 05. 006

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Objective Whole genome sequencing was used to compare the genomic differences between BALB / c mutant curly mice and normal BALB / c mice. Method The whole genome of BALB / c mutant curly mice and normal BALB / c mice were sequenced by Illumina PE 150 sequencing platform, and the genetic variation information ( SNP, INDEL, SV and CNV) were compared and analyzed. Result The raw data produced by normal mice and curly mice were 122. 85 Gb and 118. 04 Gb respectively, the filtered clean data were 119. 82 Gb and 112. 18 Gb respectively, and the GC contents were 40. 63% and 40. 48% respectively. The sequencing quality was qualified, the GC distribution was normal, and the library was established and sequenced successfully. The total number of heterozygous SNPs in curly mice was significantly higher than that in normal mice, and there were significant differences in the depth distribution of cumulative SNPs between normal mice and curly mice. There were differences in indels and cumulative indels depth distribution between curly mice and normal mice. The insertion of large fragments in SV types of curly mice and normal mice was larger than that of normal mice, while other types were smaller than that of normal mice. The copy number variation (CNVs) result showed that the number of copies increased in abnormal mice and curly mice were 1 270 and 967, respectively; the number of copies decreased by 5 027 and 3 505 respectively. Conclusion This study found that there were some differences between the genomes of normal mice and mutant curly haired mice.


Comparison on the Preparation of Pancreatic Tissue Single Cell Suspension from Three Kinds of Animals

NIU Miaomiao, LIU Jun, GAO Wei, CAO Jiangbei, CHEN Hua

2023, 40(5):  38-42.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2023. 05. 007

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Objective To compare the efficiency and effect of single cell dissociation in pancreas tissue of Bama miniature pig, SD rat and C57BL / 6 mouse. Method Fresh pancreatic tissue was taken from Bama miniature pig, SD rat and C57BL / 6 mouse after anesthesia, and single cell suspension was prepared by single cell dissociation, respectively. Then, all cell nucleic acids and dead cell nucleic acids were labeled with acridine orange / propidium iodide staining, and the images were collected with automatic cell fluorescence analyzer to observe the cell morphology, calculate the average diameter and average roundness of cells. According to acridine orange / propidium iodide staining, cell viability, total cell concentration and living cell concentration were calculated. The parameters of pancreatic tissue single cell suspension from three kinds of animals were compared. Result The cells in the pancreas tissue single cell suspension from three kinds of animals, had complete morphology, clear boundary and certain degree of aggregation. The average diameter of pancreatic cells in SD rats is the largest, and the average roundness of cells in C57BL / 6 mice is the largest. The cell viability of Bama minipigs and SD rats is higher, and the total cell concentration and living cell concentration of Bama minipigs are the highest. Conclusion The single cell suspension of pancreatic tissue from Bama miniature pig, SD rat and C57BL / 6 mouse were successfully prepared, which laid a good foundation for subsequent single-cell sequencing.


Establishment and Application Research in Animal Model of Abdominal Gunshot Wound

RAO Guirong, LI Gang, YANG Jiwu, WANG Jie, QI Ying, CHENG Aofei, HUANG Jing, CHEN Xi

2023, 40(5):  43-47.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2023. 05. 008

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Objective To establish an animal model of abdominal bullet wound, and study the application of rapid anastomotic magnetic ring in animal models of abdominal bullet wounds, providing ideal animal modeling for clinical and basic research of field surgery. Method To establish the animal model of abdominal bullet wound, right lower abdomen of Bama miniature pigs were injured with a domestic 95-type assault rifle. Qualified animal models were randomly divided into magnetic loop rapid anastomosis group and manual suture group. Intraoperative monitoring of vital signs and completion time of magnetic compression anastomosis were recorded. In the experimental group, to observe the position of the magnetic ring, X-ray examination was performed on the 3rd, 7th and 10th days, and the discharge time of the magnetic ring were recorded. The animals were sacrificed 4 weeks after the operation, the healing of the anastomotic stoma was observed, and pathological examination was conducted. Result Shooting from 5 m away animals, the modeling result were ideal. The entrance and exit of the bullet wound were clearly visible, the amount of bleeding was small, the intestinal penetrating injury was obvious, and one or more intestinal perforations were displayed. While shooting from 10 m away, amount of bleeding was large and more than half of the animals died. It took about 2 minutes to perform intestinal anastomosis with a magnetic ring, which was about 20 minutes shorter than the traditional manual suture, and the differences were significant. Post-operative X-ray showed that the magnetic ring was present in the bowel, and the magnetic ring was excreted with the stool within 2 weeks after the operation. Histological observation showed that the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the magnetic ring group was better than that in the suture group. Conclusion An animal model of abdominal bullet wound was successfully established. Compared with the traditional manual suture, the anastomotic magnetic ring has great advantages in the treatment of abdominal intestinal rupture caused by bullets, providing experimental support for the rapid treatment of field wounds in the future.

Effects of Hematological Parameters by Acute Decompression Hypoxia in Rats

MENG Panpan, TAN Hongqiang, SHI Zhiqun, ZHANG Pengpeng, ZHANG Jie, ZHAO Xiuhua

2023, 40(5):  48-52.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2023. 05. 009

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Objective To investigate the effects of simulated plateau acute decompression hypoxia on blood indexes in rats. Method Forty healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normoxia control group, hypoxia 10 , 20 , 30 h group, 10 rats in each group. were put into hypobaric hypoxia treatment to simulate the low-pressure and hypoxic environment at 8 000 m altitude. Normal rats were kept at 1 500 m above sea level, the other 3 groups stayed at simulated altitude of 8 000 m for 10 , 20 and 30 h respectively by large low pressure and low oxygen animal laboratory. Check blood sugar, blood gas, blood routine, and blood biochemistry. Observe the effects of different hypoxia time on hematological indexes of rats. Result With the prolongation of hypoxia time, the blood glucose of the rats also increased; According to the blood gas index, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide ( PaCO2 ) , partial pressure of oxygen ( PaO2 ) , pulmonary oxygen saturation ( SaO2 ) gradually decrease with the prolongation of hypoxia; Blood routine result showed that white blood cells (WBC) , red blood cell count (RBC) and platelet ( PLT) in rat arterial blood increased significantly with the prolongation of hypoxia; blood biochemical result showed that albumin ( ALB) , serum urea nitrogen ( BUN) were abnormally elevated. creatine kinase (CK) , and creatine kinase isoenzyme ( CK-MB) were significantly decreased (P < 0. 01 or P < 0. 05 ) . Conclusion The hematological parameters of rats in different periods of simulated plateau hypoxia were changed, which seriously affected the normal physiological activities of rats.


Effects of Codonopsis Pilosula Polysaccharide on Serum S100-β and NSE Levels in Rats with Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

LIU Fei ZOU Yingxin JIAO Yong TANG Ying

2023, 40(5):  53-59.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2023. 05. 010

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Objective To observe Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide ( CPPS) on ischemia-reperfusion injury of rat serum S100-β protein and neuron-specific enolase ( NSE) levels. Method SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, namely sham operation group, model group, Edaravone group and 2 codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide (CPPS) high-dose and low-dose groups, with 10 rats in each group. By using line switch block rat middle cerebral artery occlusion ( MCAO) 2 h reperfusion 24 h after cerebral ischemia reperfusion model is set up, two CPPS and edaravone group rats were given corresponding drugs for 14 consecutive days before surgery, Nissl staining and HE were used for histological observation 24 h after reperfusion. Cerebral water content was measured and Evans blue method was used to assess cerebral apoplexy. Serum NSE and S100-β levels were determined by ELISA. Result Compared with sham operation group, the water content and permeability of brain tissue in model group were significantly increased ( P < 0. 01) , and the contents of NSE and S100-β protein in serum were significantly increased ( P < 0. 01 ) . Compared with model group, serum NSE and S100-β protein contents in CPPS high-dose and low-dose groups were significantly decreased ( P < 0. 01) , and brain tissue water content and permeability in CPPS high-dose group were significantly decreased ( P < 0. 01) . Conclusion CPPS can significantly reduce the level of NSE and S100-β in serum of rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, and have good neuroprotective effect.


Effects of Costunolide on the Bone Strength of Growing Rats

WEI Peng, XIE Gaoqian, GAO Yuhai, HE Yueying, QIN Kun, CHEN Zhuo, BAI Xin, CHEN Keming

2023, 40(5):  60-64.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2023. 05. 011

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Objective To study the effect of costunolide (CT) on bone quality in growing rats. Method Thirty 1-month-old SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group (Control) , 9 mg / ( kg· d) CT-treated group (CT-9) and 18 mg / ( kg·d) CT-treated group ( CT-18) , body weight ( 99±3) g, 10 in each group. After 3 days of adaptive feeding, the rats were given intragastric administration, and the control group was given an equal volume of distilled water every day, weighed once a week, and detected the whole body bone mineral densities ( BMD) every 4 weeks. All rats were sacrificed after 8 weeks, and the ex vivo BMD of femurs and vertebrae were examined, micro CT scans and bone biomechanical experiments were performed. Result There was no significant difference in the body weight of the rats in each group during the experiment; at 8 weeks, the BMD of the whole body and the BMD of the isolated femur and vertebra in the CT-9 group and the CT-18 group were significantly higher than those in the Control group; The elastic modulus and maximum load in the CT-18 group were significantly higher than those in the Control group; the relative bone volume, trabecular number and volume BMD of the CT-9 group and CT-18 group were significantly higher than those of the Control group, and the degree of trabecular bone separation was significantly lower than that of the Control group. Conclusion CT can improve bone quality in growing rats, and has the potential to prevent and treat osteoporosis.


Comparison and Improvement of Methods for Establishing Linear Fracture Model of Femur in Rats

HOU Xuefeng, GAO Yuhai, BAI Xin, GUO Jiankui, REN Li, WU Simin, CHEN Keming

2023, 40(5):  65-70.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2023. 05. 012

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Objective The purpose of this study was to comprehensively compare the differences between different method used in previous studies to establish rat fracture models and the stability of the models, and to evaluate the scientific nature and reliability of the improved method for establishing rat osteotomy models, so as to provide a reliable method for establishing animal models for fracture research. Method According to different modeling method, the rats were divided into closed fracture model group and open fracture model group. In the closed fracture model group, the middle femur fracture was established by self-made closed fracture modeling instrument. The weight was 500 g, and the falling height was 22, 26 and 30 cm respectively. In the open fracture model group, transverse or short oblique fractures of the middle femur were made by operation. In the simple Kirschner wire fixation group, different types of Kirschner wires were used for intramedullary fixation. In the Kirschner wire plus wire fixation group, on the basis of intramedullary fixation with Kirschner wire, the two fracture ends were pulled and fixed with absorbable wire. Result In the closed fracture model group, the falling height of weights was 22, 26 and 30 cm, and the success rate was 33%, 50% and 17% respectively. In the open fracture model group, 1. 2 mm Kirschner wire internal fixation was better than 0. 8 and 1. 0 mm Kirschner wire internal fixation. The fracture ends in the Kirschner wire plus thread fixation group were more stable than those in the simple Kirschner wire fixation group. HE staining result showed that the fixation of Kirschner wire plus thread group was stable, the fracture healing was good, and there was no adverse effect of absorbable line on it. Conclusion The open fracture model is easier to control the fracture type and ensure the homogeneity of the experimental objects than the closed fracture model. The fixation effect of Kirschner wire plus thread fixation group is more stable than that of simple Kirschner wire fixation group, which can avoid nonunion or delayed union of fracture due to unstable fixation of fracture ends,Resulting in sample shedding and deviation of experimental result due to loose fixation, which ensures the homogeneity of experimental objects and reduces random error.


Lishukang Capsule Attenuates Myocardial Injury in Rats with High Altitude Hypoxia by Nrf2 / HO-1 Pathway

TIAN Yiting, MENG Panpan, CAI Nan, TAN Hongqiang, ZHANG Pengpeng, MA Huiping

2023, 40(5):  71-75.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2023. 05. 013

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Objective To study the protective effect and mechanism of Lishukang capsule on myocardial tissue induced by hypoxia at simulated altitude in rats. Method Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group, hypoxia model group, positive rhodiola capsule group (420 mg / kg) , and different concentrations of Lishukang capsule groups (280, 420, 560 mg / kg) , with 10 rats in each group. Normal control group and hypoxia model group were given equal volume of water for injection for 7 consecutive days. 50 min after the 7th day of administration, except for the normal control group, all groups were put into large low-pressure and hypoxic animal laboratory chamber to simulate the altitude of 8 000 m and hypoxia for 12 h. After 12 h, the rats were sacrificed by lowering the altitude to 3 500 m, and the myocardial tissue was taken for ultrastructural observation. The expression changes of Nrf2 and HO-1 in cytoplasm and Nrf2 in nucleus were detected by Western blot. Result Compared with the normal control group, the mitochondrial outer membrane of myocardial cells in hypoxia model group was destroyed, obviously swelling, serious myocardial injury, and the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in tissues increased (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01) ; Compared with the hypoxia model group, the myocardial injury in the rhodiola capsule group and rishokang high-dose group was significantly improved, with intact myofilm and mitochondrial structure, and the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 decreased ( P < 0. 05 ) , there was a decreasing trend in risocan low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups, and there was a significant difference in risocan high-dose groups (P<0. 05) . Conclusion Lishukang capsule has protective effect on myocardial injury caused by altitude hypoxia, and its mechanism may be related to the activation of Nrf2 / HO-1 signaling pathway.

Establishment of Brain Tissue Detonation Injury Model in Rats

LEI Jianjun, ZHANG He

2023, 40(5):  76-79.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2023. 05. 014

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Objective To establish a stable, simple and safe animal model and evaluation system for blast-related traumatic brain injury ( bTBI) . Method After anesthesia, rats were placed inside a steel pipe with an inner diameter of 6 cm, and explosive devices devices with a TNT content 0. 1 g were placed 7 or 9 cm away from the head of the rats. The physiological characteristics of the rats were observed before and after the explosion. The Garcia scoring method was used to score their neurological function of the rats. 6 hours later, the brain tissues were observed the changes, evaluated the cerebral edema, and observed pathological changes in brain tissues HE staining. Result After the experiment, the nerve function of the rats was damaged and the brain tissue edema appeared. HE staining was used to observe the bleeding of the brain tissue. The explosive device was 9 cm away from the head of the rats, and the brain explosion injury was more serious at 7 cm away. Conclusion It is safe, stable and a reliable method to construct the model of brain blast injury in rats with simple modeling device.

Akkermansia Muciniphila Plays a Key Role in Intestinal and Metabolic Disorders

CHEN Jingqing, ZHENG Jianhua, DONG Qiaoyan, WU Wenqing, SUN Tianqi, QIU Yefeng, ZHANG Rui

2023, 40(5):  80-85.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2023. 05. 015

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Gut microbiota plays an important role in the regulation of host metabolism and low-grade inflammation, and the occurrence of many diseases is closely related to gut microbiota dysbiosis. Akkermansia muciniphila ( A. muciniphila ) is the only cultivated intestinal representative of the Verrucomicrobia and was isolated from a human fecal sample. Its specialization in mucin degradation makes it a key organism at the mucosal interface between the lumen and host cells. There has also been a growing interest in A. muciniphila, due to its association with health in animals and humans. Notably, reduced levels of A. muciniphila have been observed in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases ( mainly ulcerative colitis ) and metabolic disorders, which suggests it may have potential antiinflammatory properties. The aims of this review are to systemically summarize the existing data on the relationship between the A. muciniphila with intestinal immunity and the metabolic diseases. With a specific focus on the mechanisms of inflammatory bowel diseases and metabolic disorders in both animals and humans, which is expected to provide evidence and routes for effective utilization of this bacterial species.

Research Progress in Animal Models of Heat Stroke

LIU Qin, CHEN Fang, ZHU Yiliang, YU Jing, YANG Lijun, ZHANG Yi

2023, 40(5):  86-89.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2023. 05. 016

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Heat stroke (HS) is a severe and highly fatal disease caused by thermal damage in the body, and it has a very high mortality rate. In recent years, the incidence of HS has been increasing year by year, which seriously threatens people ’ s health and life safety. Animal models of HS are of great significance for studying the pathogenesis of HS. In this paper, the selection of experimental animal species and gender, the monitoring of core temperature and blood pressure, the modeling standards for HS, and the method of making HS animal models were reviewed, in order to provide a theoretical basis for relevant personnel to make animal models of HS.

Progress in Epidemiology and Integrated Control of Tick-borne Diseases

DONG Qiaoyan, CHEN Jingqing, WANG Jin, ZHANG Rui, SUN Tianqi, WU Wenqing, QIU Yefeng

2023, 40(5):  90-94.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2023. 05. 017

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Ticks are obligate blood-feeding ectoparasites and vectors of some pathogenic viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa in humans and animals. The prevalence and spread of tick-borne diseases have become an important public health problems. In recent years, with the increasing species and quantity of ticks and the continuous spread of geographical location, the incidence and death of tick-borne diseases have been increasing, and there are great threats and injuries to the health of livestock, wild animals and humans. This article reviews the source, epidemiological development, harm and control measures of tick-borne diseases in order to provide reference for the comprehensive prevention and control of tick-borne diseases, and looks forward to the prevention of tick-borne diseases.

Research Arogress on “Humanization” of Animal Milk

ZHANG Rui, WU Yunpeng, WU Wenqing, SUN Tianqi, QIU Yefeng, CHEN Jingqing

2023, 40(5):  95-100.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1006-6179. 2023. 05. 018

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Animal mammary gland bioreactors use transgenic technology to introduce exogenous genes into animal genomes and locate and express them in animal mammary glands, and then utilize the ability of animal mammary glands to synthesize and secrete proteins naturally and efficiently to produce some valuable products in animal milk. This technology has the advantages of low cost, high quality, high biological activity, no pollution, and high yield. It has created a new way of biopharmaceuticals and has broad development prospects. In this paper, a brief review and prospect of the application research, technical method, future application prospects and challenges of animal milk “ humanization” in the field of biopharmaceuticals and improving milk composition are made.