Laboratory Animal Science

Population Genetic Structure Analysis of 3 Outbred Mice Populations from NationalRodent Seed Center Using 45 loci of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism

2018, 35(01): 1.

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Abstract: Objective To analyze the population genetic structure of 3 outbred mice populations from National Rodent Seed Center by single nucleotide polymorphism loci. Method We selected 45 SNPs from references to genotype 2 ICR populations, 1 from National Rodent Seed Center Beijing and 1 from Shanghai, 1 KM population of National Rodent Seed Center (Shanghai) by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry(MALDI-TOF MS) technology, and then analyzed the population genetic structure and compared the genetic difference of these 3 populations. Result The population genetic parameters including number of alleles (Ne), observed heterozygosity(Ho), expected heterozygosity(He), average heterozygosity(Ha), polymorphism information content(PIC), and Shannon’s information index (SI) of 3 populations were absolutely different. Compared with the previous result of STR and biochemical markers, the value of these genetic factors detected by SNP were pretty lower. However, if the monomorphism of SNP loci in 3 populations were removed, the value of these genetic parameters would be increased; especially SI could be close to the data detected by STR. Conclusion The selected SNP loci could be used to detect the genetic quality of outbred mice. According to the evaluation by average heterozygosity, the genetic variation of 3 mice populations is SKM >BICR >SICR.

Histological Observation of Skin, Respiration and Cardiovascular Systems of Gobiocypris

2018, 35(01): 8.

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Abstract: Objective The research is concerned primarily with genomics, proteomics and hormone so far in ecology, toxicology, parasites and aquaculture. In this paper, the histological description was given by systematically histological observation of normal male and female Gobiocypris rarus, which provides a more detailed background and theoretical basis of this experimental animal. Method Gobiocypris rarus in the experiment was provide by Insitute of Hydrobiology (CAS). The fish was fixed in Bouin`s fluid for 24-48 hours and then washed with running water slightly, and put into decalcifying fluid. Then each fish was cut into several small pieces. The samples were dehydrated with alcohol and terpilenol. The specimen in solid paraffin was cut into serial slices with thickness of 3 μm. According to the routine protocol, the slices were dyed by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining. Transverse and sagittal section pictures of the fish were collected by a optical microscope. Result Gobiocypris rarus, a member of the Gobioninae subfamily, belongs to the Osteichthyes. The skin of Gobiocypris rarus is composed of an outer epidermis and a underlying dermis, which forms the external protection of body against mechanical injury and noxious agents. Scales can be seen on the surface of the skin, which means Gobiocypris rarus using its gills, rathan than the skin, to breathe. In Gobiocypris rarus, like in other non-mammalian vertebrates, erythrocytes are oval in shape and always contain a nucleus, which spread in heart, arteries, veins and vessels. Under microscope, the sinus venosus, the atrium, the ventricle and the highly elastic bulbus arteriosus, these four chambers compose heart. Conclusion As a specific fish in China, the skin and the organs of respiratory and cardiovascular systems in Gobiocypris rarus were systemly observed and decribed in histology. The result realibly offers a theoretical basis to experiments with the animal.

A Comparison of Blood Biochemical Parameters of HFJ and MIJ Rats

2018, 35(01): 15.

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Abstract: Objective The purpose of this study was to determine blood biochemical parameters of HFJ and MIJ rats in different weeks, observe their characteristics of performance, and provide a basic reference data for further research in MIJ and HFJ rats. Method Blood samples were collected from 4, 8, 12 weeks MIJ and HFJ rats (including MIJ male sterility rats) of different gender, 20 in each group. The biochemical parameters were determined including glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphate (ALP), total protein (TP), serum albumin (ALB), serum globulin (GLO), glutamyl transferase (GGT), cretonnes (CRE), serum urea nitrogen (BUN), blood sugar (GLU), uric acid (UA), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC). Calculated the AST/ALT, A/G. Result Comparison of biochemical parameters in female rats of HFJ and MIJ showed: alkaline phosphate (ALP) low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) indicators at 4,8,12 weeks of the three groups were extremely significant difference(P<0.01); HFJ male rats and MIJ males were compared in normal rats: low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) indexes were significantly different in the three groups of 4, 8 and 12 weeks (P<0.01). HFJ male rats compared with MIJ male infertility in rats: blood glucose (GLU) indicators at 4, 8, 12 weeks of three groups were extremely significant difference (P<0.01), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) index in just 12 weeks of age difference was significant (P<0.01); The ALP index of HFJ male rats was consistently higher than HFJ female rats at three time points and the difference was significant (P<0.01). Conclusion Blood biochemical parameters of MIJ and HFJ rats were different because of the difference of species and strains of animals, age and gender. Blood biochemical parameters of MIJ male sterility rats did not show obvious defects. These blood biochemical parameters data have important reference significance for the further research and application in MIJ and HFJ rants.

Pathological Investigation and Analysis on Health Status of BeijingLaboratory Rodents in May 2017

2018, 35(01): 20.

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Abstract: Objective In May 2017, National Animal Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory has taken samples from 16 units to investigate the health status of Beijing laboratory rodents．Method They collected the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, large intestine and small intestine, and put these organs into 10% Calcium formaldehyde solution for fixation, and then evaluated the rodent experimental animal health by HE staining, oil red O staining and PAS staining method . Result The most of the laboratory rodents remained in good health condition and no obvious pathological damage, but there are also individual animals appear mild lesions mainly include fatty degeneration and focal necrosis of liver, stale hemorrhage of spleen, hyper eosinophilia and mild lung lesions. Conclusion The vast majority of laboratory rodents were pathologically diagnosed as healthy animals. A few animals showed histopathological changes may be associated with feedstuff, feeding environment and transportation stress, and may be improved by strengthening the feeding management.

Detection of blood biochemical, main organ weight and organ coefficient in 9th to 10th week-old CB6F1 and BCF1 mice

2018, 35(01): 26.

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Abstract To detect and compare blood biochemical, main organ weight and organ coefficient of CB6F1 and BCF1 mice. The blood of 40 CB6F1 mice and 40 B6CF1 mice (20 females and 20 males) in the 9th to 10th week were collected by picking eyeball, routine blood indicators were detected by an automatic hematology analyzer, and organ weight to calculate the organ coefficient were determined and analyzed. We compared blood biochemical indices, 11/14 indices were significant difference between male and female of CB6F1 mice, 9/14 indices were significant difference between male and female of B6CF1, 10/14 indices were significant difference between female CB6F1 mice and B6CF1 mice, 11/14 indices were significant difference between male CB6F1 mice and B6CF1 mice male (P < 0.05). Compared main organ weight and organ coefficient of CB6F1 and B6CF1 mice, there were significant difference in some indices for sex and lines (P < 0.05). There were partial differences in the blood biochemical, organ weight and organ coefficient of CB6F1 and BCF1 which were breeding by different female parent and male parent of BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice.

Comparison and Evaluation of Rats Model with Hyperlipidemia Fed with Different Formula of High- fat Diet

2018, 35(01): 30.

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Abstract: Objective Add bentonite to the rats' high-fat diet to improve its hardness and edibility,and the effect on the establishment of hyperlipidemic rat model was compared with traditional high-fat diet. Method Fifty male SD rats were randomly divided into control group (n = 10), traditional high-fat diet group and bentonite-added group (n = 20, respectively).The animals were allowed to eat and drink freely, and the rats were weighed weekly, the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured before and after the experiment. After 8 weeks' feeding, each rat's body length and weight of fat (perirenal fat and epididymal fat) were measured, and the fat ratio and Lee's index were calculated. Results 1).Weight of the rats in bentonite-added group increased significantly compared to the control group (P <0.01), which increased not significantly compared to the traditional high-fat diet group. 2).The levels of TC,TG and LDL-C in serum in traditional high-fat diet group and bentonite-added group were all increased significantly compared to the control group(P <0.01). The level of HDL-C in serum in both traditional high-fat diet group and bentonite-added group were showed a trend to decrease, which was more obvious in the bentonite-added group, but the difference was not statistically significant. The level of TC in the bentonite-added group increased significantly compared to the traditional high-fat diet group (P <0.05). 3).The rats' body length, the weight of perirenal fat, the weight of epididymal fat, fat ratio and Lee's index in both traditional high-fat diet group and bentonite-added group were increased significantly compared to the control group(P <0.05). Meanwhile, the weight of epididymal fat increased significantly in bentonite-added group compared to the traditional high-fat diet group (P <0.05). Conclusion Both traditional high-fat diet and bentonite-added diet could lead to the rats' hyperlipidemia after 8 weeks' feeding, the models induced by the bentonite-added diet was better than those induced by the traditional high-fat diet.

Establishment of Central Venous Catheterization Model of New Zealand Rabbits byPercutaneous Puncture and Its Evaluation

2018, 35(01): 35.

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Abstract: Objective The central venous catheterization model of New Zealand rabbits was established by percutaneous puncture, which laid the foundation for the experimental study of central venous catheterization. Method Ten New Zealand rabbits exposed to their neck skin, percutaneous external jugular vein into the PICC catheter 7-8 cm and fixed, surgery alone cage feeding.Blood samples were taken at 12 h before operation and 24 h, 48 h and 72 h postoperatively. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect hs-CRP. Recording the model of vital signs, weight and catheter retention time. Result There were no significant differences in vital signs and body weight between the two groups before and after operation. The survival rate of the model was 100% and the success rate was 100%. There was no significant difference in hs-CRP at each time point (F=2.84, P>0.05). Conclusion The modeling method is economical, simple and easy to use, and has a strong practicality, can be a good simulation of clinical, central venous catheterization to achieve the basic research.

Establishment of Lumbar Degenerative Animal Experimental Model in Bama miniature pigs

2018, 35(01): 39.

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Abstract: Objective To establish lumbar degenerative animal experimental model in Bama miniature pigs. Method Six Bama miniature pigs were divided into the control group (Con group) and model group (Mod), which contained 3 pigs, respectively. Con group was not treated, in mod group after infiltrating anesthesia with 1% lidocaine, 16G guided needle was inserted into L2-3, L3-4, L4-5 and L5-6 intervertebral disc to damage the tissue, 6 times of puncture for each intervertebral disc. After 1 month, radiological and histological observation of Bama miniature pigs lumbar intervertebral disc performed. Result Con group of intervertebral disc saw no obvious changes, MRI of the Mod group showed narrow and clearance in intervertebral disc. And dural sac was compressed, nucleus pulpous signal was missed, and fiber ring deformation change was observed. According to the Pfirrmann grading standard, Ⅲ—Ⅳ level alteration of intervertebral disc was found in Mod group. Compared with Con group, histological change in the Mod group showed a white disc nucleus with pulpous gelatinous appearance, decreased disc thickness, content reducing in pith nucleus, dark tissue and fibrosis channel-surrounding area. Conclusion Under the DSA positioning, through the fiber ring and disc puncture in Bama miniature pigs, a reliable animal model of intervertebral disc degeneration disease was established.

Therapeutic Effect of Psoraleacorylifolia on Osteoporosis induced by Retinoic Acid in the Wistar Rats

2018, 35(01): 44.

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Objective To compare the the rapeutic effect of Psoraleacorylifolia on osteoporosis induced by retinoic acid in the Wistar rats. Method Retinoic acid was given to Wistar rats by gavage at the dose of 70 mg/kg for 14 days. Rats were administrated of Psoraleacorylifolia powder(PP),aqueous extract of Psoraleacorylifolia(AE),and the rest of aqueous extract(RAE)for 8 weeks,respectively.After the administration, the bone density was analyzed by CT, and the biochemical indexes of serum were determined at the end of 8th week. Result After 8 weeks of the administration,the ACP of the RAE group were significantly lower than the other model groups. The number of trabecular and bone density were significantly higher than the model group. Conclusion RAE had the rapeutic effect on osteoporosis in the model rats ofretinoic acid the effect was higher than PP and AE groups.

The Air Handling of Laboratory Animal Facility

2018, 35(01): 48.

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Laboratory animal facility needs high requirement for air handling, not only fresh air with proper temperature, humidity and cleanliness are needed, but also the waste gas of wet and hot as well as the gas with the feces odor should be disposed. What’s more, the adverse effects on the environment around the facility need to be avoided. Thus, this article will introduce the basic principles, common method and main treatments of the air handling of laboratory animal facility, so as to provide reference for the construction and management of laboratory animal facility. The procedures such as air purification, ventilation and adjustment of air and deodorization will be discussed.

Application of ketamine combined with pentobarbital sodium and propofol in goat vertebral bone defect model

2018, 35(01): 60.

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Objective To investigate the effective and safety of ketamine combined with pentobarbital sodium and propofol in the preparation of goat vertebral bone defect model Methods A total of 18 Hainan native goats were included in the study, anesthesia induction by intramuscular injection of ketamine, then maintain anesthesia by the use of ketamine combined with propofol and pentobarbital sodium. The animal model was fulfilled until lumbar verterbral body bone defect were made and filled with bone cement. The anesthesia and surgical effects, vital signs and adverse reactions were recorded. Results All surgery was successfully accomplished, the excellent and good rate of anesthesia was 100%. No animal death, and no bloating, vomiting and other adverse reactions. The duration of anesthesia induction, anesthesia and recovery period were 15.94 ± 1.76, 121.11 ± 9.44, 42.44 ± 6.73 min respectively. There was no significant difference in oxygen saturation, body temperature and respiratory rate between the several periods (P> 0.05). The heart rate during anesthesia was significantly lower than that before anesthesia, induction and recovery (P <0.05). Conclusion Anesthesia by ketamine combined with pentobarbital sodium and propofol is satisfied both its depth and effective process. This anesthesia manner meet need of preparation of goat vertebral bone defect model, also have some advantages, such as fast wake up time, long animal survival, and does not affect physiological function of animals.

Diabetes Safety Assessment to the Beagle Dogs’ Hypoglycemia in Veterinary Treatment

2018, 35(01): 64.

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GLP conditions to carry out the safety evaluation of drugs, must conform to the requirements of the AAALAC animal welfare, so the research process, the veterinary judgment for animal health, as well as to the treatment of animal diseases are very important. Diabetes may cause animal’s brain damage that results in the experiment fails and animal welfare dosen’t be guaranted. This experiment is mainly to observe the long-term toxicity research of insulin Amaryl class (A). Using the Beagle dogs for experimental animals, the A was administered subcutaneously every day for 4 weeks，and blood glucose and symptoms were monitored every day. In the course of study, Beagle dogs showed different symptoms of low blood sugar, and veterinary treatment was offered according to the different symptoms to ensure the completion of this experiment and at the same time to ensure the welfare of animals

Advance on non-Animal Alternative Methods in Animal Vaccines

2018, 35(01): 67.

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This paper introduces the application and research progress of alternative method in veterinary vaccine efficacy test and safety test, and puts forward the suitable veterinary vaccine suitable for establishing alternative methods, so as to provide a way for the study of alternative method of veterinary vaccine in China.

Experimental Study on Animal Model of Myocardial Ischemia

2018, 35(01): 72.

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ne of the key techniques in the study of myocardial ischemic dieases is to establish the animal models of myocardial ischemia. In this paper, the common methods and characteristics of animal models for myocardial ischemia are summarized, which provide reference for the study of ischemic diseases.

Research Progress on Bedding Materials of laboratory Rodents

2018, 35(01): 76.

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Laboratory animal bedding is an important environmental factor in the use and management of laboratory animals, which has a direct impact on the quality of experimental animals, animal welfare and the result of animal experiments. In this paper, we discuss and summarize the species, the quality controlled, the physical properties and the application of rodent experimental animal bedding, the influence on rodent animals and animal experiments. Particulary introduces the advantages and disadvantages of all kinds of bedding, it provides an important reference for the selection and usd of laboratory animal bedding, this is conducive to the research and development of rodent laboratory animal bedding and the improvement of the national standard of laboratory animal bedding and other related work.

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