Abstract: Objective This study aimed to construct a stable portal vein thrombosis ( PVT) model based on different factors of thrombosis, and to observe the organized evolution of PVT dynamically. Method One hundred and twenty SD rats were randomly divided into three groups. In group A, the blood flow was interrupted by microvascular clamp, which caused the blood stasis in the portal vein. In group B, only anhydrous alcohol was used to destroy vascular intima. Group C combined the above two methods to prepare PVT. The formation of PVT after the modeling was observed by macroscopic observation and vascular ultrasound. The evolution of thrombus at 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after the modeling was observed by H&E staining dynamically. Result There was no obvious thrombosis in group A with simple blood stasis. Compared with group B with simple endothelial injury, group C with blood stasis combined with endothelial injury could form more stable PVT, and half of the thrombus remained at 7 days after surgery. H&E staining revealed the gradual organization of the thrombus over time, and the thrombus was basically recanalized 5 to 7 days after surgery. Some of the portal vein wall fibrosis and thickening lesions were observed and extended into the portal vein lumen. Conclusion The method of interrupting the portal blood flow and destroying the portal vein intima by anhydrous alcohol can be used to construct the PVT model in rats stably, simply and in line with clinical characteristics. During the process of thrombosis from formation to organization and recanalization, some portal vein walls thickened and became fibrosis, resulting in partial portal vein stenosis. 

Key words: portal vein thrombosis, rat model, thrombus organization, blood stasis

摘要： 目的 基于血栓形成不同因素构建稳定门静脉血栓( PVT) 模型,并在此基础上动态观察门静脉血栓的演变 过程。 方法 将 120 只 SD 大鼠随机均分为 3 组:A 组仅利用显微血管夹间断阻断血流,造成该段门静脉血流瘀 滞;B 组仅利用无水乙醇破坏血管内膜;C 组同时结合上述两种方法制备 PVT 模型。 肉眼观察并结合血管超声观 察造模术后 PVT 形成情况,通过 H&E 染色动态观察造模术后 1、3、5 和 7 d 血栓演变过程。 结果 单纯血流瘀滞的 A 组无明显血栓形成,而血流淤滞结合内膜破坏的 C 组相较于单纯内膜破坏的 B 组可形成更为稳定的 PVT,并于 术后仍有一半的血栓留存。 H&E 染色可观察血栓随着时间变化逐渐机化,并于术后 5 ~ 7 d 基本再通。 部分可观察 门静脉管壁纤维化、增厚病变,并向门静脉管腔内延伸。 结论 采用间断阻断门静脉血流结合无水乙醇破坏门静 脉内膜的方法可稳定、简便且符合临床特点的构建大鼠 PVT 模型。 血栓从形成到机化、再通的过程中,部分门静脉 管壁增厚、纤维化,造成门静脉部分狭窄。 

关键词: 门静脉血栓, 大鼠模型, 血栓机化, 血流淤滞