Abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global medical problem affecting millions of people, and its incidence has increased rapidly in recent years due to the increased prevalence of hypertension and diabetes, with 30%-40% of patients progressing to end-stage renal disease within 20 years of diagnosis. Many rodent models of chronic kidney disease (CKD) have been developed to elucidate the pathogenesis of CKD and to investigate new therapeutic approaches for CKD. These models have been developed by surgical, drug-induced, and genetic engineering approaches, or a combination of two or more approaches. The characteristic structures of CKD, including tubular atrophy, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, glomerulosclerosis, and focal hypertrophy, should be manifested in animal models of CKD. However, rodent models with all of the above features of human CKD have not been established. In addition, sex, genetic background and strain differences also show different levels of susceptibility to CKD with respect to the development of glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions. In this review, we discussed the advantages and disadvantages of different rodent models used to study CKD to provide ideas and lessons for researchers.

Key words: chronic kidney disease, animal model, research progress

摘要： 慢性肾病(CKD)是影响数百万人的全球重大医学问题,近年来由于高血压和糖尿病患病率的增加,其发病率 迅速增加,30%~40%的患者在诊断后20年内进展为终末期肾病。目前许多慢性肾病的啮齿动物模型已经建立用 以阐明CKD的发病机制,并研究针对CKD的新治疗方法。这些模型是通过手术法、药物诱导法和基因工程法或两 种或两种以上方法的组合来开发的。CKD的特征性结构包括肾小管萎缩、肾小管间质纤维化、肾小球硬化和局灶 性肥大等,应在CKD的动物模型中表现出来。然而,具有人类CKD上述所有特征的啮齿动物模型尚未建立。此 外,性别、遗传背景与品系不同也对肾小球和肾小管间质病变的发展方面表现出不同水平的CKD易感性。在这篇 综述中,我们讨论用于研究CKD的不同啮齿动物模型的优缺点,为研究人员提供思路和借鉴。

关键词: 慢性肾病, 动物模型, 研究进展