The similarities and differences between the current national standard biochemical marker method and the Sanger sequencing detection mouse SNP molecular marker method in the evaluation of genetic quality of BALB / c mice were compared and analyzed, so as to provide a reference for the genetic quality control of inbred mice. Methods The genetic quality of the same batch of BALB / C mice was tested using 14 conventional biochemical marker loci and 34 common genetic analysis loci of SNP.The result evaluation, variation detection, chromosome coverage, animal welfare, operation  convenience and method repeatability were compared between the two methods. Results Six BALB / cmice with No. 2, 5 and 6 variants were detected by both methods, but only homozygous variants at 4 loci were detected by biochemical marker, while homozygous variants at 9 loci and heterozygous variants at 3 loci were detected by SNP molecular marker. Further comparison showed that SNP marker method was superior to biochemical marker method in chromosome coverage, animal welfare, operation convenience and method repeatability. Conclusion SNP marker method has more advantages in genetic quality control evaluation of inbred mice than the current national standard biochemical marker detection method, which can be used as a standardized genetic quality control technology for inbred experimental animals.

BALB / c mice, SNP molecular marker, biochemical markers, genetic monitoring

目的 比较分析现行国家标准生化标记法与一代测序检测小鼠 SNP 分子标记法在 BALB / c 小鼠遗传质量评价中的异同,为近交系小鼠的遗传质控提供参考。 方法 利用 14 个小鼠常规生化标记位点和 35 个 SNP 常用遗传分析位点,对同一批 BALB / c 小鼠进行遗传质量检测,从结果评价、变异检出度、染色体覆盖率、动物福利、操作便捷性、方法重复性等方面对两种方法进行比较。 结果 两种方法均可检出 6 只 BALB / c 中 2、5、6 号小鼠出现了变异,但生化标记法仅检出了 4 个位点的纯合变异,SNP 分子标记法检出了 9 个位点的纯合变异和 3 个位点的杂合变异。进一步比较发现,SNP 标记法在染色体覆盖率、动物福利、操作便捷性、方法重复性上均优于生化标记检测法。结论 SNP 标记法在近交系小鼠遗传质控评价中比现行国家标准生化标记检测法更具优势,可作为近交系实验动物的标准化遗传质控技术。

BALB / c 小鼠, SNP 分子标记, 生化标记, 遗传检测