Abstract: Abstract:Objective To develop a rapid and efficient method to establish the advanced atherosclerosis model． Method Fifteen New Zealand white rabbits were randomized into common carotid arteries (CCAs) balloon injury group ( n = 8 ) and sham-operated group ( n = 7 )，and fed with high-fat diets for fourteen weeks． Pathological characteristics of CCAs and other vascular segments，thoracic aortae，aortic roots and abdominal aortae，were observed． To assess the size of plaques，the percentage of intima proliferation area in internal elastic lamina ( IEL) area，average intima thickness in the radius of IEL and maximal intima thickness in the radius of IEL were calculated． Severity of lesions was evaluated by determining the histological classification recommended by American Heart Association． The serum lipid profiles of animals before and after experiment are measured． Ｒesult The size of plaques in thoracic aortae，aortic roots and abdominal aortae was decreased after fourteen-week highfat diet feeding． Although the biggest plaque and fastest lesion progression rate were observed in thoracic aortae ， the intermediate lesions were still the main manner characterized by intimal small extracellular lipid pools，rarely developing advanced lesions characterized by lipid core formation． The size of plaques in CCAs injured by balloon was bigger significantly than that of thoracic arotae ( P ＜ 0. 01 )，which was characterized by advanced atherosclerotic lesions． Conclusion Combined with high-fat diet feeding，advanced atherosclerosis model characterized by lipid core can be established rapidly and efficiently by balloon injury．

Key words: advanced atherosclerosis, lipid core, rabbit model, balloon injury

摘要： 摘要:目的探究快速、有效地建立进展性动脉粥样硬化兔模型的方法。方法15 只新西兰大耳白兔随机分为颈 总动脉球囊损伤组( n = 8)和假手术组( n = 7)，两组均饲喂高脂饮食，14 周后结束实验，对颈总动脉和其他血管节 段(胸主动脉、主动脉根部和腹主动脉)作病理观察，计算内膜增生面积/内弹力膜围绕面积(% )、平均内膜厚度/ 内弹力膜围绕面积半径(% )和最大内膜厚度/内弹力膜围绕面积半径(% )，以评价斑块大小;确定病变组织形态 学分型(美国心脏协会推荐)以评价斑块病变严重程度。测定实验前后的动物血脂水平。结果高脂喂养14 周， 在兔主动脉各血管节段中，斑块尺寸由大到小顺序:胸主动脉＞ 主动脉根部＞ 腹主动脉。胸主动脉虽在单纯高脂 作用的各血管节段中斑块尺寸最大、病变进展最快，但仍主要停留在以内膜细胞外脂质池出现为特点的过渡性病 变，较少发展至以脂质核心形成为特征的进展性病变。球囊损伤术使病变最轻微、进展最缓慢的颈总动脉斑块尺 寸明显超过胸主动脉(P ＜ 0. 01)，并使其发展为进展性动脉粥样硬化病。结论在高脂饮食基础上，球囊损伤法能 够快速、有效地建立以脂质核心形成为特征的进展性动脉粥样硬化病变兔模型，为进一步探究不稳定性斑块的形 成机制及干预措施提供了适用的动物疾病模型。

关键词: 进展性动脉粥样硬化, 脂质核心, 兔模型, 球囊损伤法