Abstract: China is one of the few countries which has the richest primate resources in the world. In the now existed 200 primates on the earth, China owns 4 families, 7 genus, 23 species and 39 subspecies. Yunnan province boasts of the richest primate resources in China and 15 species are distributed within it. Concurrently, Yunnan is the earliest province in China which dedicated in primate researches and undertook a large amount of work.\;As the most widely and enormously used laboratory animal models in life science researches, 6 subspecies of Macaca Mulatta are distributed in more than 20 provinces in our country. The diversities among the macaca mulatta subspecies and geographical distribution of Macaca mulatta groups in ecologies, behaviors, genetics, physiology and medicines provide adequate resources for specific, sensitive and repeatable laboratory primate researches. The thesis focus on how to protect primate resources and how to harness the primate resources to our purpose, illustrating the importance and necessities to establish breeding groups of the Macaca Mulatta subspecies.

Key words: Laboratory primates, Current status and future

摘要： 中国是世界上少数几个灵长类动物最丰富的国家之一 ,在全世界现生存的 2 0 0余种灵长类动物中 ,中国分布有 4科 7属 2 3种共 39亚种。其中云南省就分布有 15种 ,它是中国灵长类动物资源最丰富的省份 ,同时也是开展灵长类动物研究工作最早和最多的省份。作为生命科学实验研究中使用最广泛和用量最大的灵长类实验动物———恒河猴 (Macacamulatta) ,仅我国就有6个亚种之多 ,并广泛分布于 2 0多个省区。各亚种及各地理分布群之间在生态、行为、遗传、生理、医学等方面存在着丰富的多样性 ,为开发特异性强、敏感性高、可重复性好的实验灵长类动物提供了广泛的资源。本文从灵长类动物资源多样性保护和科学研究与利用二个方面论述了建立恒河猴亚种封闭式繁殖群的重要性和必要性

关键词: 灵长类实验动物, 现状与未来