Abstract: Abstract: Objective To investigate expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma ( PPARγ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNFα) in lung tissue of rats with endotoxic shock and the intervention effect of Shenfu injection. Method SD rats were selected to establish the animal model of endotoxin shock by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) , followed by the treatment with shenfu injection ( low, medium and high doses) . The pathological changes of lung tissue were observed. The transcription and expression of PPARγ and TNFα in lung tissue and secretion of TNFα and IL-1β in plasma were detected. Result There were typical acute lung injury in the rats of LPS group, the transcription and expression of PPARγ in lung tissue were significantly decreased ( P<0. 01) , the expression of TNFα was obviously increased ( P < 0. 01) , and the levels of TNFα and IL-1β in plasma were significantly increased ( P < 0. 01) . However, compared with LPS group, Shenfu Injection relieved pulmonary congestion, edema and inflammatory cell infiltration, increased the transcription and expression of PPARγ in lung tissue in a dose-dependent manner, decreased TNFα expression, and inhibited the levels of inflammatory factors TNFα and IL-1β in plasma as well ( P < 0. 01) . Conclusion Shenfu injection can protect lung tissue of rats with endotoxic shock, and its mechanism may be related to up regulating PPARγ and inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators.