Abstract: Acute heart failure (AHF) is a clinical syndrome that rapidly develops or worsens due to abnormal cardiac function. The pathogenesis of AHF is complex, and it occurs suddenly, posing a serious threat to human life and health and bringing a heavy economic burden to society. Therefore, it is of great significance to study and prevent AHF. AHF animal models can simulate the pathogenesis of heart failure by simulating the pathogenesis of AHF. They can be used to simulate and study the pathogenesis of AHF, diagnostic method, and the effectiveness of new treatment strategies. The commonly used modeling method can be divided into surgical and non-surgical method based on whether surgery is required. Surgical method include coronary artery ligation, ex vivo AHF modeling, and pulmonary artery thrombosis models. Non-surgical method include chemical agent induction, rapid ventricular pacing, and pulmonary artery thrombosis models. By comprehensively discussing the  mechanisms,advantagesanddisadvantages,and applicable scenarios of variousmodelingmethod, this paper aims toprovide reference for animal experiment design.

Key words: acuteheart failure, animalmodels, modelingmethods

摘要： 急性心力衰竭(AHF)是指继发于心功能异常而迅速发生或恶化的临床综合征。AHF发病机制复杂,发病迅 速,严重危害人类的生命健康,给社会带来沉重的经济负担,因此研究并防治AHF具有重要意义。AHF动物模型 通过模拟该疾病关键病理特征,为研究AHF的发病机制、诊断方法以及新治疗策略的有效性提供重要研究工具。 常用的造模方法根据是否需要手术分为手术法和非手术法两大类,手术法包括冠脉结扎法、体外AHF模型法、肺 动脉血栓模型,非手术法包括化学物质诱导法、心室快速起搏法、肺动脉血栓模型法等。通过综合讨论各种造模方 法的机制、优缺点及适用场景等,以期为动物实验设计提供参考。

关键词: 急性心力衰竭, 动物模型, 造模方法