Abstract: The gut microbes are numerous and variety. As a “ functional organ” , gut microbes play an important role in nutrition metabolism, immune response and gut protection. The research on complex gut microbes relies on germ-free animal models, and the development of germ-free animal technology has push on the research of gut microbes in turn. They promote each other and develop in coordination, which not only helps us to understand intestinal function microbiome deeply, but also promotes the germ-free animal technology system to be more mature. In view of the close relationship between them, this review focuses on the application of germ-free animal in livestock microbiome and nutritional microbiome, as well as briefly discusses the establishment of germ-free animal system and the limiting factors of it, which has set the direction for promoting the close cooperation and common development of germ-free animal technology and microbiome.

Key words: germ-free animal, gut microbes, livestock microbiome, nutritional microbiome

摘要： 肠道微生物被视为一个“功能器官” ,其数量庞大、种类繁多,在营养代谢、机体免疫与屏障保护等方面发挥着重要的作用。 肠道微生物的广泛深入研究促进了无菌动物模型的开发与应用,无菌动物技术体系的建立与发展则反过来加速肠道微生物组学的研究进程,它们相互促进、协调发展,既提高了我们对肠道功能微生物组学的深层次认识,又促使无菌动物技术体系更加完善成熟。 鉴于二者间的紧密联系,本文主要介绍无菌动物在畜牧微生物组学和营养微生物组学研究中的应用,并对制约无菌动物技术体系发展的相关因素进行探讨,为推动二者的“ 紧密合作,共同发展”明确方向。

关键词: 无菌动物, 肠道微生物, 畜牧微生物组学, 营养微生物组学