Abstract: Hepatitis C is an important infectious disease threatening human health．Because of the most heterogeneous and high mutational rate of the HCV genome，the virus can easily escape from the immune recognition of the host，thus it is difficult to develop a vaccine，as theory and technique of molecular biology rapidly develop， gene immune technique now is applied into HCV vaccine development．Recombinant plasmid pEF-HCV—C constructed by inserting a highly conserved HCV—core gene fragment with the highly expressed eukaryotic expression vector pEF．By direct intramuscular immunization，DNA-based immunization has successfully induced specific humeral immune response against HCV-core protein．Nucleic acid vaccine have a number of advantages over conventional vaccines including the ability to induce a wider range of immune response types，this vaccine expressing HCV—core is a potential candidate for a prophylactic vaccine for humans．Dendritic cells are capable of eliciting a vigorous antiviral response in native T cells．The administration of DC offers a potential approach to induce high—level immunity against hepatitis C virus．Vaccination with protein-transduced DC may constitute an important antiviral strategy for hepatitis C virus．

Key words: Hepatitis C, Immune response, Nucleic acid vaccine, Peptide vaccine, Dentritic cell vaccine

摘要： 丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus，HCV)是丙型肝炎的病原体，是导致输血后肝炎和非甲非乙型肝炎的主要致 病因子。HCV感染常导致慢性肝炎、肝硬化和肝细胞癌。HCV在细胞内和动物体内复制能力很差，没有理想的细 胞模型和动物模型。丙型肝炎目前尚无疫苗，还有很多病人在等待治疗。研制预防性和治疗性疫苗。以控制HCV 感染有着重要意义。经过几代科技工作者的努力和奉献，丙型肝炎疫苗研究取得了重大进展。用核酸疫苗作首次 免疫，用多肽疫苗或树突状细胞疫苗作加强免疫，不但有预防作用，而且有治疗效果。核酸疫苗将为改善人类和动 物健康作出巨大贡献。

关键词: 丙型肝炎, 免疫应答, 核酸疫苗, 多肽疫苗, 树突状细胞疫苗