Abstract:In China, the incidence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease ( IBD) has increased significantly for the past few years. This disease is not easy to cure and comes with high expenditure. In order to find a cheap and efficient therapeutic method Illumina high-throughput sequencing techniques on mice with DSS-induced colitis. In this study, 15 C57BL / 6 mice were divided into the normal group, the model group and the Rb1 group. The treatment of model group and Rb1 group was 4 % ( m / v) DSS ( added in water) the first day, and 40 mg / kg ginsenoside Rb1 was fed to group Rb1 on the 2nd day. All mice were killed on the 9th day for samples of colon. The highthroughput sequencing platform Illumina was used to sequence the transcriptome of group normal, model, and Rb1. The Rb1 genes were compared with the model gene sets, and then the screened differential gene sets were analyzed by GO and KEGG pathway. The result showed that all indicators have improved after using Rb1. A total of 10,450 differentially expressed genes were GO annotated by Gene Ontology, containing 13. 5% molecular function, 68. 73% biological process, 17. 77% cellular component. Among the first 20 KEGG pathways that were most significantly enriched, the Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, the Calcium signaling pathway, and the cAMP signaling pathway were closely related to Rb1. Based on the result, we came to the conclusion that ginsenoside RB1 can alleviate the symptoms of DSS-induced colitis in mice. This work constructed the transcriptome sequence database of Rb1 on DSS-induced colitis in mice, which provides the sequence basis for future research on the gene mining function and metabolic pathways of ginsenoside Rb1.