关键词: 创伤性脑损伤, 发病机制, 动物模型, 模式动物, 综述

Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death, disability, and mental health disorders. In basic research on TBI and the development of novel therapies, animal models serve as essential tools capable of effectively simulating brain injuries of varying types and severity. This systematic review comprehensively summarizes current progress in TBI animal model research worldwide. It provides detailed discussions on TBI pathogenesis, model classification, and model animals. Focusing on TBI model categorization, it thoroughly analyzes the principles, advantages, and limitations of each model type. Integrating the latest research findings, it explores their applications in elucidating pathological mechanisms, drug screening, and translational medicine. This review aims to provide TBI researchers with guidance for model selection, promote model standardization and optimization, and advance the integrated development of basic and clinical TBI research.

Key words: traumatic brain injury, pathogenesis, animal model, model animal, review