Abstract: Sigmodon hispidus, belonging to the order Rodentia, family Hamsters, and genus Sigmodon, has a total of 8 species and genera. Among them, the hairy sigmodon and the yellow-bellied sigmodon are commonly used experimental animals, and the hairy sigmodon is more widely applied. Cotton mice are susceptible to a variety of human pathogens. The pathological features of pneumonia caused by their infection are highly similar to those of humans. Therefore, they have become important animal models for tuberculosis and viral respiratory diseases, especially in the study of paramyxoviridae viral infections, where they have significant advantages. This article systematically reviews the application and characteristics of cotton mice in the research of infectious respiratory diseases, with a focus on analyzing their applicability in bacterial (such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis) and viral (such as influenza virus, avian influenza virus, etc.) respiratory infection models, with the aim of providing scientific and technological workers with a more comprehensive basis for selecting animal models and promoting the development and application of cotton mice as a new type of experimental resource.

Key words: cotton rat, infectious respiratory disease, animal model

摘要： 棉鼠(Sigmodon hispidus),属于啮齿目、仓鼠科、棉鼠属,共有8个种属,其中刚毛棉鼠和黄腹棉鼠是常用的实 验动物,尤以刚毛棉鼠应用更广。棉鼠对多种人类病原体易感,其感染后引发的肺炎病理特征与人类高度相似,因 此成为结核病和病毒性呼吸道疾病的重要动物模型,尤其在副黏病毒科病毒感染研究中具有显著优势。本文系统 综述了棉鼠在感染性呼吸道疾病研究中的应用和特点,重点分析其在细菌性(如结核分枝杆菌)和病毒性(如流感 病毒、禽流感病毒等)呼吸道感染模型中的适用性,以期为科技工作者提供更全面的动物模型选择依据,推动棉鼠 作为新型实验资源的开发与应用。

关键词: 棉鼠, 感染性呼吸道疾病, 动物模型